Inhibitory Effects of Dexamethasone on Hepatocyte Growth Factor–Induced DNA Synthesis and Proliferation in Primary Cultures of Adult Rat Hepatocytes

Abstract

We investigated the effects of dexamethasone on hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced DNA synthesis and proliferation in serum-free primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes. Isolated hepatocytes were cultured at a density of 3.3 × 104 cells/cm2 in Williams’ medium E containing 5% newborn bovine serum and various concentrations of dexamethasone for 1, 2, and 3 h. After a 3-h attachment period, the medium was then changed, and cells were cultured in serumfree dexamethasone (10−10 M)-containing Williams’ medium E with or without glucocorticoid receptor antagonists. After addition of dexamethasone to the culture medium, the growth-stimulating effects of HGF (5 ng/mL) on the primary cultured hepatocytes were time- and dose-dependently inhibited. The mineralcorticoid aldosterone (10−7 M) did not produce the same growth-inhibitory effects as dexamethasone (10−8 M). The inhibitory effects of dexamethasone were reversed by treatment with the glucocorticoid-receptor antagonist mifepristone (RU486, 10−6 M) or a monoclonal antibody against glucocorticoid receptor (100 ng/mL). In addition, the growth-inhibitory dose of dexamethasone did not affect HGF-induced receptor tyrosine kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 phosphorylation. These results indicate that dexamethasone dose-dependently delays and inhibits HGF-induced DNA synthesis and proliferation through its own intracellular receptor in primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes.