Abstract
Root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is caused by an imbalance between the bone turnover rate and applied mechanical stress. The administration of 4-hexylresorcinol (4HR) increases the bone turnover rate and factors associated with bone formation. Thus, 4HR may show protective activity against root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). A total of 40 rats (male: 20; female: 20) were included in this study, and the mandibular first molar was subjected to excessive orthodontic force. The experimental group (n = 20) received 12.8 mg/kg of 4HR every 2 weeks. The controls (n = 20) received a solvent without 4HR. Both groups had the same sex distribution. On Day 28 after the initiation of OTM, all the animals were sacrificed for micro-computed tomography analysis, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. The ratios of the root length and root volume to the total volume were significantly higher in the experimental group compared to those in the control group (p < 0.05). The expression levels of OPG, RANKL, alkaline phosphatase, and Runx2 in the experimental group according to Western blotting were significantly higher in the experimental group compared to those in the control group (p < 0.05). Their expression was mainly found in the periodontal ligament area. In conclusion, the administration of 4HR decreased the root resorption caused by OTM and increased the expression levels of OPG, RANKL, alkaline phosphatase, and Runx2.
Highlights
Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) can be achieved by the remodeling process of periodontal tissue, including cementum and alveolar bone
The subsequent experimental procedure was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use
Committee of Gangneung-Wonju National University (GWNU-2020-16 approved at 23 April 2020)
Summary
Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) can be achieved by the remodeling process of periodontal tissue, including cementum and alveolar bone. When orthodontic force is applied, the pressure induces osteoclastic mineralized tissue degradation on the compression side and mineralization by osteoblasts on the tension side [1]. This mineralized tissue turnover is the coupling mechanism of bone resorption followed by bone formation and is known as a marker that influences OTM [2]. Alveolar bone remodeling is influenced by localized tooth-related factors [3].
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