Inhibitory effect of oyster hydrolysate on wrinkle formation against UVB irradiation in human dermal fibroblast via MAPK/AP-1 and TGFβ/Smad pathway

Abstract

The skin keeps the human body healthy from extrinsic stimuli such as ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. However, chronic exposure of these stimuli reduces the number of proteins that constitute the extracellular matrix (ECM) and causes wrinkle formation. The amount of collagen, the main protein that constitutes connective tissue, is reduced in the human skin due to UV radiation. When human dermal fibroblasts were damaged by UVB, UVB increased the MMPs expressions and degraded type I collagen and other ECM proteins. Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) hydrolysate (OH) is known to have anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects. To scrutinize the anti-wrinkle effect of the OH in the viewpoint of the balance between collagen degradation and synthesis, we conducted the study in UVB damaged human dermal fibroblasts. We determined type I procollagen, MMPs and related proteins using ELISA kit, qRT-PCR and western blot. In our study, we discovered that OH inhibits collagen degradation by regulating MAPKs, AP-1 and MMPs expression. Also, we found that OH promotes collagen production by enhancing TGFβ receptor II expression and Smad3 phosphorylation. These results showed that OH regulates collagen degradation and stimulates collagen synthesis. Through this study, we found that OH is effective in inhibiting wrinkle formation and restore photo-aged human skin. It indicates that OH can be one of the functional materials in the fields of anti-wrinkle research.