Abstract
Background and Objectives:Asplenium incisum, a natural plant, is known to possess numerous pharmacological and biochemical properties. However, the inhibitory effect of A. incisum against Porphyromonas gingivalis and other factors related to periodontal disease have not yet been demonstrated. This study aimed to investigate the potential of A. incisum extract as a phytotherapeutic candidate for improving periodontal diseases by assessing its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-osteoclastogenic activities. Materials and Methods: The inhibition of proliferation of P. gingivalis by A. incisum and the sustainability of its antibacterial activity were evaluated in this study. The production of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)) and nitric oxide (NO) from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells was assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To identify the anti-osteoclastogenic activity, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and TRAP activity analyses were performed on bone marrow macrophages. Results: The proliferation of P. gingivalis was significantly inhibited by A. incisum (p < 0.001), and the antibacterial activity was sustained for up to 3 days. A. incisum showed anti-inflammatory activities by significantly decreasing the release of TNF-α, IL-6 (p < 0.05), and NO (p < 0.01). In addition, A. incisum significantly suppressed TRAP-positive cells and TRAP activity (at 30 μg/mL, p < 0.01) without causing any cytotoxicity (p > 0.05). Conclusions: A. incisum showed antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-osteoclastogenic activities, suggesting it has strong therapeutic potential against periodontal diseases.
Highlights
Periodontitis, which is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by periodontal pathogens, is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide [1]
We aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of A. incisum on bacterial proliferation, inflammation, and osteoclastogenesis
To determine the antibacterial activities of A. incisum, we evaluated the inhibition of proliferation of P. gingivalis and the sustainability of its antibacterial effects
Summary
Periodontitis, which is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by periodontal pathogens, is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide [1]. The pathological features of periodontitis include bone resorption owing to high levels of inflammatory cell infiltration and the breakdown of tooth-supporting tissue [4]. It is principally mediated by the production of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL1β), as well as the production of nitric oxide (NO) [5]. In deep periodontitis pockets or furcation areas, complete elimination of bacteria might not be possible and, additional antibiotic application may be advantageous [8] Because this treatment relies primarily on antibiotics, it can cause many complications, including drug resistance, indigestion, and oral symptoms, such as swelling of the lips and tongue [9]. Conclusions: A. incisum showed antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-osteoclastogenic activities, suggesting it has strong therapeutic potential against periodontal diseases
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
