INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF SNAIL (Achatina fulica (Lam.) Bowdich) MUCUS ON GROWTH OF MAMMARY CANCER IN RAT INDUCED WITH DMBA (7,12-DIMETHYLBENZ(α)ANTHRACENE)

Aan Edison,Sri Herwiyanti,B Boy Rahardjo Sidharta,Christy Jacub,Phebe Hendra

doi:10.24071/jpsc.002525

Abstract

Back to nature as a medication concept has been accepted widely because it has fewer side effects than modern medicines. Researches on natural products as anticancer agent therapies are in progress. This present research was conducted to determine that the inhibitory activity of snail (Achatina fulica (Lam.) Bowdich) mucus inhibits the growth rate of mammary cancer in SpragueDawley rats. Five groups of female rats, with four individuals each, were induced with 7,12-dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA) for five weeks. Snail mucus was applied every seven days to the treated rats with three different dosages (15, 20, and 25 mg/kg BW). Observations were done on diameters and growth rate of the mammary cancer lump developed at the end of week 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16. Histopathological examination was carried out at the end of the 16th week. Inhibitory activity results showed a row of average diameter of the cancerous lumps on rats with the following details. The results obtained from the application of snail mucus at dosage of 15, 20, and 25 mg/kg BW were at 0.40, 0.60, and 0.09 cm respectively along with average growth rate of cancerous lumps at 1.50, 0.75, and 0.25. The histopathology results of the snail mucus treatment at dosage of 15, 20, and 25 mg/kg BW showed normal tissue depiction and similarly normal histopathological form indicated by the presence of their sub-clinic components. The results showed that a snail mucus dose of 25 mg/kg BW was able to perform inhibitory activity on growing mammary cancer in rats induced by DMBA.

Highlights

Global Cancer Observatory data show that every three minutes on every continent in the world, there are cancer cases that present lethal impact like what occurs in breast cancer cases
This study aims to determine the inhibitory activity of snail mucus on the growth of mammary cancer in rats induced with DMBA
This study was purely experimental research to find out the potential components of snail mucus against carcinogenesis on laboratory animals by administering a carcinogenic chemical substance of 7,12dimethylbenz(α)anthracene in SpragueDawley female rats

Summary

Introduction

Global Cancer Observatory data show that every three minutes on every continent in the world, there are cancer cases that present lethal impact like what occurs in breast cancer cases. Breast cancer contributed 24.2% of the highest number of cancer cases, followed by cervical cancer (uteri) of 12.1% (Globocon, 2018). According to the most recent report from Indonesia in 2013 until 2018, the highest number of events in breast cancer was 42.1 per 100,000 populations with an average death rate of 17 per 100,000 populations. Cancer treatment has been running in Indonesia since 1920. Cancer treatment depends on the level of complexity of the growing cancer cells of which are usually treated with surgery, radiation and chemotherapy chemicals, and immunotherapy (Globocon, 2018). In Indonesia, there are at least 170 to 190 types of cancer cases out of one hundred thousand.

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