Inhibitory Activities of Polyphenolic Extracts of Bangladeshi Vegetables against α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase, Pancreatic Lipase, Renin, and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme.

Razia Sultana,Md Saifullah,Adeola M Alashi,C Emdad Haque,Rotimi E Aluko,Khaleda Islam

doi:10.3390/foods9070844

Razia Sultana, Md Saifullah + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9070844

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Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine the in vitro enzyme inhibition activities of aqueous polyphenolic extracts of nine popular Bangladeshi vegetables, namely ash gourd, bitter gourd, brinjal, Indian spinach, kangkong, okra, ridge gourd, snake gourd, and stem amaranth. Polyphenolic glycosides were the major compounds present in the extracts. Inhibition of α-amylase (up to 100% at 1 mg/mL) was stronger than α-glucosidase inhibition (up to 70.78% at 10 mg/mL). The Indian spinach extract was the strongest inhibitor of pancreatic lipase activity (IC50 = 276.77 µg/mL), which was significantly better than that of orlistat (381.16 µg/mL), a drug. Ash gourd (76.51%), brinjal (72.48%), and snake gourd (66.82%) extracts were the most effective inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), an enzyme whose excessive activities have been associated with hypertension. Brinjal also had a significantly higher renin-inhibitory activity than the other vegetable extracts. We conclude that the vegetable extracts may have the ability to reduce enzyme activities that have been associated with hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension.

Highlights

Several physiological disturbances can be attributed to the effect of metabolic syndrome, which is a condition characterized by disease conditions such as obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension [1]
More polyphenolic compounds were detected from Indian spinach, kangkong, and okra as compared to other vegetable extracts
While there may be contributions from other polyphenolic compounds, the results suggest that the unique combination of vitexin with the kaempferol and vitexin glycosides contributed to the stronger pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibition by Indian spinach

Summary

Introduction

Several physiological disturbances can be attributed to the effect of metabolic syndrome, which is a condition characterized by disease conditions such as obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension [1]. These metabolic syndrome-related diseased are considered major health concerns worldwide. Obesity is considered as one of the main factors in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and cancer [2,3]. Postprandial hyperglycemia (PPHG), a major feature of T2DM, occurs when the blood glucose level increases after consuming a meal and this is an important factor taken into consideration for diabetes management.

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