Abstract
Porphyromonas gulae is a major periodontal pathogen in dogs, which can be transmitted to their owners. A major virulence factor of P. gulae consists of a 41-kDa filamentous appendage (FimA) on the cell surface, which is classified into three genotypes: A, B, and C. Thus far, inhibition of periodontal disease in dogs remains difficult. The present study assessed the inhibitory effects of a combination of clindamycin and interferon alpha (IFN-α) formulation against P. gulae and periodontal disease. Growth of P. gulae was significantly inhibited by clindamycin; this inhibition had a greater effect on type C P. gulae than on type A and B isolates. In contrast, the IFN-α formulation inhibited the expression of IL-1β and COX-2 elicited by type A and B isolates, but not that elicited by type C isolates. Furthermore, periodontal recovery was promoted by the administration of both clindamycin and IFN-α formulation to dogs undergoing periodontal treatment; moreover, this combined treatment reduced the number of FimA genotypes in oral specimens from treated dogs. These results suggest that a combination of clindamycin and IFN-α formulation inhibit P. gulae virulence and thus may be effective for the prevention of periodontal disease induced by P. gulae.
Highlights
Porphyromonas gulae is a major periodontal pathogen in dogs, which can be transmitted to their owners
We analysed whether clindamycin was effective for P. gulae with each fimA genotype
Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease caused by bacterial infection[5]
Summary
Porphyromonas gulae is a major periodontal pathogen in dogs, which can be transmitted to their owners. Periodontal recovery was promoted by the administration of both clindamycin and IFN-α formulation to dogs undergoing periodontal treatment; this combined treatment reduced the number of FimA genotypes in oral specimens from treated dogs. These results suggest that a combination of clindamycin and IFN-α formulation inhibit P. gulae virulence and may be effective for the prevention of periodontal disease induced by P. gulae. FimA proteins are divided into three genotypes (A, B, and C), based on differences in their putative amino acid sequences[8] Among these fimA genotypes, type C P. gulae is considered to be the most virulent, as it is predominant in the oral cavities of dogs with severe periodontitis[8]. IFN-α has been produced as a pharmaceutical agent which is used for treatment of autoimmune and infectious dis-
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