Inhibition of Oxidative Stress by Low-Molecular-Weight Polysaccharides with Various Functional Groups in Skin Fibroblasts

Szu-Kai Chen,Rong-Huei Chen,Chu-Hsi Hsu,Min-Lang Tsai,Gregor Drummen

doi:10.3390/ijms141019399

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in cellulo inhibition of hydrogen-peroxide-induced oxidative stress in skin fibroblasts using different low-molecular-weight polysaccharides (LMPS) prepared from agar (LMAG), chitosan (LMCH) and starch (LMST), which contain various different functional groups (i.e., sulfate, amine, and hydroxyl groups). The following parameters were evaluated: cell viability, intracellular oxidant production, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage. Trolox was used as a positive control in order to allow comparison of the antioxidant efficacies of the various LMPS. The experimentally determined attenuation of oxidative stress by LMPS in skin fibroblasts was: LMCH > LMAG > LMST. The different protection levels of these LMPS may be due to the physic-chemical properties of the LMPS’ functional groups, including electron transfer ability, metal ion chelating capacities, radical stabilizing capacity, and the hydrophobicity of the constituent sugars. The results suggest that LMCH might constitute a novel and potential dermal therapeutic and sun-protective agent.

Highlights

Free radicals and other oxidizing species induce intra- and extracellular oxidative stress, causing functional decline in cells and tissues [1]
Superoxide is normally neutralized by superoxide dismutase (SOD), which catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide to O2 and H2O2 [8]; H2O2, which is a stable and plasma-membrane permeable oxidant, in turn might form OH in the presence of transition metal ions through the Fenton reaction [6]
We evaluated the inhibitory effect of low-molecular-weight polysaccharides prepared from agar, chitosan, and starch in skin fibroblasts, and characterized these according to their sulfate, amine and hydroxyl functional groups

Summary

Introduction

Free radicals and other oxidizing species induce intra- and extracellular oxidative stress, causing functional decline in cells and tissues [1]. These in turn are capable of damaging a wide variety of biomolecules [9]

Objectives

Discussion

Conclusion