Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can have a significant impact on an individual’s life. Herein, we discuss how resveratrol improves SCI by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Evidences show resveratrol suppresses NF-κB signaling pathway to exert its beneficial effects on various diseases. NF-κB signaling pathway plays a significant role in the pathophysiological mechanisms of SCI including increase in inflammation, augmentation of damage caused by free radicals and lipid peroxidation as well as facilitation of apoptosis and axonal demyelination. We also discuss mechanisms between resveratrol and NF-κB signaling pathway in the wake of SCI, which can be potential targets for resveratrol to treat SCI.
Highlights
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe complication of the spine, leading to severe dysfunction below injured segment
This review aims to systematically analyze resveratrol’s role in regulating nuclear factor kappalight-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathway in the wake of SCI
RES significantly attenuates acute neurological deficits, neurodegeneration and cerebral edema after intracerebral hemorrhage RES reduces apoptotic signaling in muscles of old animals RES attenuates pancreatic oxidative damage by down-regulating NF-κB and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways RES increases Cidea mRNA level and UCP1 protein expression
Summary
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe complication of the spine, leading to severe dysfunction below injured segment. The International Spinal Cord Society Prevention Committee estimates global-incident rate to be 23 traumatic SCI cases per million (Lee et al, 2014). SCI is categorized into primary injury and secondary injury phases on the basis of its pathophysiology. Primary injury is transient and can be caused by a mechanical force, it, creates a basic environment for succeeding pathological events. Secondary injury includes a chain of pathological events such as apoptosis, inflammatory response, and excitotoxicity (Silva et al, 2014). SCI can result in different spinal cord dysfunctions and induce complications in other organs such as the lung (Jiang et al, 2016). As primary injury phase is transient, SCI treatment could focus on the secondary injury phase. There is presently no effective SCI treatment
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