Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the in vitro antioxidant and anti-neuroinflammatory effects of Tetragonia tetragonoides (Pall.) Kuntze extract (TKE) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells.Methods: To evaluate the effects of TKE, LPS-stimulated BV microglia were used and the expression and production of inflammatory mediators, namely, nitric oxide (NO), inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-λ) were evaluated. Antioxidant activity of TKE was measured using 1, 1- diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Cell viabilities were estimated by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5- diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.Results: TKE significantly suppressed LPS-induced production of NO (p < 0.001 at 20, 40, 80 and 100 µg/ml) and expression of iNOS in BV-2 cells. TKE also suppressed LPS-induced increase in TNF-á level (p < 0.001at 100 µg/ml) in BV-2 cells. In addition, DPPH-generated free radicals were inhibited by TKE in a concentration-dependent manner.Conclusion: The results suggest that TKE can be explored as a potential therapeutic agent for regulating microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory responses observed in several neurodegenerative diseases.Keywords: Tetragonia tetragonoides, Anti-oxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Neurodegenerative diseases, Microglial cells, Lipopolysaccharide
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