Abstract
Butein has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effect but the possible mechanism involved is still unclear. Here, we report the inhibitory effect of butein on nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression. Butein also inhibited the induction of tumor necrosis factor-α and cyclooxygenase 2 by LPS. To further investigate the mechanism responsible for the inhibition of iNOS gene expression by butein, we examined the effect of butein on LPS-induced nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation. The LPS-induced DNA binding activity of NF-κB was significantly inhibited by butein, and this effect was mediated through inhibition of the degradation of inhibitory factor-κB and phosphorylation of Erk1/2 MAP kinase. Furthermore, increased binding of the osteopontin αvβ3 integrin receptor by butein may explain its inhibitory effect on LPS-mediated NO production. Taken together, these results suggest that butein inhibits iNOS gene expression, providing possible mechanisms for its anti-inflammatory action.
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