Abstract
<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the <em>in vitro</em> anti-obesity effects of <em>Morinda citrifolia</em> leaf extract and herbal formulas used for weight loss in Thailand on lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/ml <em>M. citrifolia</em> leaf extract, three herbal formulas (JL-RU, JL-TH, CD-H) and 1, 5 and 10 mg/ml rutin, gallic acid and caffeine. Lipid accumulation determined by measuring Oil Red O staining and triglyceride content measured by a colorimetric method in adipocytes were assayed compared to the control. The effect of test samples on the viability of preadipocytes and differentiated adipocytes were investigated.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Differentiated adipocytes treated with 1 mg/ml <em>M. citrifolia</em> extract moderately inhibited fat accumulation (45.12%) and highly reduced triglyceride content (85.09%). Among the three herbal formulas, JL-TH considerably inhibited fat accumulation (109.17%, 1 mg/ml) and decreased triglyceride content (95.00%, 1 mg/ml) in adipocytes; this was higher than that for CD-H and JL-RU, respectively. The viability of preadipocytes treated with CD-H at 1 mg/ml was slightly decreased while those treated with JL-TH at 0.05-1 mg/ml showed moderately decreased viability in a dose-response manner. For differentiated adipocytes, CD-H at 0.5-1 mg/ml moderately decreased cell viability while JL-TH at 0.05-1 mg/ml caused moderate to high reduction of cell viability in a dose-response relationship.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><em>M. citrifolia</em> extract and three herbal formulas had anti-obesity effects in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, as indicated by a significant reduction in lipid accumulation, triglyceride content, and cell viability. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of obesity.</p>
Highlights
MethodsDifferentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/ml M. citrifolia leaf extract, three herbal formulas (JL-RU, JL-TH, CDH) and 1, 5 and 10 μg/ml rutin, gallic acid and caffeine
In the present climate, obesity has become a major global health problem and cause of death in humans worldwide
M. citrifolia (MC) at 0.1-1 mg/ml, JL-RU at 0.1-1 mg/ml, high dose of JL-RU at 1-10 mg/ml, CD-H at 0.050.5 mg/ml, caffeine, rutin, gallic acid at 1-5 μg/ml did not cause an alteration of viable cell numbers
Summary
Differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/ml M. citrifolia leaf extract, three herbal formulas (JL-RU, JL-TH, CDH) and 1, 5 and 10 μg/ml rutin, gallic acid and caffeine. Lipid accumulation determined by measuring Oil Red O staining and triglyceride content measured by a colorimetric method in adipocytes were assayed compared to the control. The effect of test samples on the viability of preadipocytes and differentiated adipocytes were investigated
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