Abstract
BackgroundOrganotin compounds (OTCs) have been widely used as stabilizers in the production of plastic, agricultural pesticides, antifoulant plaints and wood preservation. The toxicity of triphenyltin (TPT) compounds was known for their embryotoxic, neurotoxic, genotoxic and immunotoxic effects in mammals. The carcinogenicity of TPT was not well understood and few studies had discussed the effects of OTCs on gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) of cells.MethodIn the present study, the effects of triphenyltin chloride (TPTC) on GJIC in WB-F344 rat liver epithelial cells were evaluated, using the scrape-loading dye transfer technique.ResultsTPTC inhibited GJIC after a 30-min exposure in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Pre-incubation of cells with the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor did not modify the response, but the specific MEK 1 inhibitor PD98059 and PI3K inhibitor LY294002 decreased substantially the inhibition of GJIC by TPTC. After WB-F344 cells were exposed to TPTC, phosphorylation of Cx43 increased as seen in Western blot analysis.ConclusionsThese results show that TPTC inhibits GJIC in WB-F344 rat liver epithelial cells by altering the Cx43 protein expression through both MAPK and PI3-kinase pathways.
Highlights
Organotin compounds (OTCs) have been widely used as stabilizers in the production of plastic, agricultural pesticides, antifoulant plaints and wood preservation
After WB-F344 cells were exposed to triphenyltin chloride (TPTC), phosphorylation of Cx43 increased as seen in Western blot analysis
These results show that TPTC inhibits gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) in WB-F344 rat liver epithelial cells by altering the Cx43 protein expression through both mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and PI3-kinase pathways
Summary
Organotin compounds (OTCs) have been widely used as stabilizers in the production of plastic, agricultural pesticides, antifoulant plaints and wood preservation. The toxicity of triphenyltin (TPT) compounds was known for their embryotoxic, neurotoxic, genotoxic and immunotoxic effects in mammals. Organotin compounds have been widely used as agricultural biocides, antifouling agents in boat paint, wood preservatives, and stabilizers for polyvinylchloride polymers (PVC) in industry [1,2]. Triphenyltin (TPT) is an organotin compound which is widely used as fungicides on major food and food-stock crops. It is used in antifouling paints to prevent growth of barnacles and other fouling organisms on boats and ships [3].
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