Abstract
In this study, the effect of Walnut Leaf Polysaccharides (WLP) on human liver tumor HepG2 cells was investigated. The results showed that WLP had dose-dependent and time-dependent inhibitory effects on HepG2 cell viability. Typical apoptosis characteristics were observed in WLP-treated HepG2 cells through 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethyl-benzimidazolyl-carbocyanine iodide (DAPI) staining and Acridine Orange (AO)/Ethidium Bromide (EB) dual staining. Meanwhile, significant decrease in Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP) and increase in intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels of WLP-induced HepG2 cells were detected by 5,5',6,6'-Tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) and 2',7'-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein Diacetate (DCFH-DA) fluorescent probes, respectively. Moreover, cell viability, MMP and ROS level of HepG2 cells were observed after intervention with antioxidant NAC. Thus, we speculated that WLP may induce apoptosis of HepG2 cells by decreasing MMP and increasing intracellular ROS levels. The results suggest that WLP could be developed as a promising natural anticancer active substance in the pharmaceutical and functional food industries.
Highlights
Polysaccharide is a type of natural biological macromolecule connected by more than 10 monosaccharides through glucoside keys and is one of the basic substances for keeping normal life activities (Kurd and Samavati, 2015; Yu et al, 2018)
DAPI and Acridine Orange (AO)/Ethidium Bromide (EB) staining tests verified the apoptosis of HepG2 cells induced by Walnut Leaf Polysaccharides (WLP)
We found that WLP induced the increase of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) level in HepG2 cells
Summary
Polysaccharide is a type of natural biological macromolecule connected by more than 10 monosaccharides through glucoside keys and is one of the basic substances for keeping normal life activities (Kurd and Samavati, 2015; Yu et al, 2018). Polysaccharide is mostly found in animals, plants and microorganisms. Plant polysaccharides are the most widely studied (Shi et al, 2017; Wu et al, 2016; Xie et al, 2016). Researches proved that plant polysaccharides possessed multiple biological functions including anti-diabetes, immune regulation, anticoagulation, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant and anticancer activities (Cao et al, 2016; Cheng et al, 2014; He et al, 2015; Jeddou et al, 2016; Li et al, 2019b; Tang et al, 2017; Zhou et al, 2015). Great attention has been paid to natural polysaccharides due to their unique physico-chemical properties and strong biological actions (Cheng et al, 2014). A large number of evidences make clear that development of newfangled drugs using plant polysaccharides can effectively inhibit cancers (Hu et al, 2016; Li et al, 2017)
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