Inhibition-Disruption of Candida glabrata Biofilms: Symmetrical Selenoesters as Potential Anti-Biofilm Agents.

María L De La Cruz-Claure,Agatha Bastida,Enrique Domínguez-Álvarez,Miguel Benito-Lama,María T Ulloa,Ariel A Cèspedes-Llave

doi:10.3390/microorganisms7120664

Abstract

Candida glabrata is one of the most prevalent pathogenic Candida species in dental plaque on tooth surfaces. Candida biofilms exhibit an enhanced resistance against most antifungal agents. Thus, the development of alternative more potent and effective antimicrobials is required to overcome this resistance. In this study, three novel fluorinated derivatives and nine selenoester compounds were screened as novel antifungal and antibiofilm agents against C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, and C. glabrata (N = 81 dental isolates). C. glabrata strains were susceptible only to fluorinated compounds while C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, and C. glabrata were susceptible to the action of the selenoesters. The evaluated symmetrical selenoester compounds presented very good antifungal activity against all the tested C. glabrata dental isolates (1–4 μg/mL of minimum inhibitory concentration-MIC). The most active compound (Se-5) was able to inhibit and disperse C. glabrata biofilms. These results demonstrated that selenoesters may be novel and promising biocide agents against C. glabrata clinical dental isolates.

Highlights

The oral cavity can be colonized by different groups of microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi [1,2]
The most active compound (Se-5) was able to inhibit and disperse C. glabrata biofilms. These results demonstrated that selenoesters may be novel and promising biocide agents against C. glabrata clinical dental isolates
The most common infection by Candida is denture stomatitis, which is caused by the formation of biofilm on the surface of the acrylic denture [6]

Summary

Introduction

The oral cavity can be colonized by different groups of microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi [1,2]. Bacterial adhesion to surfaces and the subsequent production of extracellular polymeric substances prompts the formation of surface-related bacterial communities called biofilms [3]. Biofilm infections can be caused by a single microbial species or by a mixture of species [4,5]. The most common infection by Candida is denture stomatitis, which is caused by the formation of biofilm on the surface of the acrylic denture [6]. The composition of the denture biofilm microbial community is similar to that of dental plaque, with the exception of an increase in Candida spp. Dental biofilms are composed of microorganisms embedded in an extracellular matrix that consists of organic constituents (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and glycoproteins) and inorganic constituents (calcium, phosphorus, Microorganisms 2019, 7, x FOR PEER REVIEW sodium, potassium, and fluoride) derived from saliva [8,9] (Figure 1). The microorganisms growing in bpihoofislpmhsohruasv,e asocodniusmid,erapbolteaismsipuemd,imaenndt toflaunotriimdeic)rodbiearlivthederapfryomduestaolitvhae s[p8e,9ci]fic(Farigchuirtee1c)t.ureThoef tmheicbroioofirlgman, nisumtrsiegnrtolwiminitgatiinonb,ioslfoilwmgs rhoawvteh,aacnodnsoivdeerreaxbplreeismsiopnedoifmmeunlttitdoruangt-irmesiicsrtaonbciael(tMheDrRap) yefflduuxe ptoumthpess[p1e0c–i1fi2c].architecture of the biofilm, nutrient limitation, slow growth, and overexpression of multidrug-resistance (MDR) efflux pumps [10,11,12]

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Conclusion