Inheritance Pattern of Earliness and Yield Related-Traits in Spring Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

A Elakhdar,Kh Amer,M Abd El-Aty,I Eldegwy,I Elakhdar,M Noaman,T Kumamaru

doi:10.5539/jas.v9n6p142

Abstract

To understand the genetic patterns of the physio-morphological traits for barley grain yield, six-generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1, and BC2) were used to determine the type of gene action in the four barley crosses. Grain yield showed a strong positive association (r = 0.83 and 1) with Grain Filling Rate in Giza121/RIL1 and Giza126/RIL2 crosses, respectively. The relationship between yield and earliness was not consistent with crosses and positive (r) values were quite low. It should be possible to select early-maturing and high-yielding segregates with high 100- kernel weight. The results indicated that the dominance effect [dd] was more important and greater than the additive effect [aa] and [ad] for most traits. Positive heterosis over the mid- and better- parent was quite similar for the most traits, except for heading and maturity dates, that showed negative heterotic effects. The inbreeding depression was high significant and positive for Grain Filling Rate, chlorophyll contents, Flag Leaf area and 100- kernel weight. On the other hand, it was a negatively significant for the earliness trait (HD, MD, and GFP). The lack of uniformity for estimates of inbreeding depression can be explained by environmental variation and to its influence on the type of gene action. Narrow-sense heritability ranged from 13.3% for Grain Filling Period in Giza12/RIL1 to 66.6% for heading dates in Giza121/RIL2 crosses. Genetic advance estimates were low due to lack of additive variance. The crosses Giza121/RIL1 and Giza126/RIL2 would be of interest in a breeding program, for improving characteristics of earliness, yield, and its components.

Highlights

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a crop with great adaptive potential in many regions of the world
Breeding for quantitative traits in early generations is impeded by several factors such as polygenic nature and low heritability of a trait, linkage, non-additive gene effects and environmental effects (Harlan, 1976)
The morphological traits of flag leaf such as size and shape and its physiological traits such as chlorophyll content and photosynthesis capacity have been considered to be the important determinants of grain yield in cereals (Abd El-Aty et al, 2011)

Summary

Introduction

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a crop with great adaptive potential in many regions of the world. In order to overcome these difficulties, it is necessary to get as much information as possible about the genetic structure of breeding population undergoing selection (Sharma et al, 2003). This means identifying the gene effects that control the inheritance of a trait of interest and contributing to the exploitable genetic variance of the population. The morphological traits of flag leaf such as size and shape and its physiological traits such as chlorophyll content and photosynthesis capacity have been considered to be the important determinants of grain yield in cereals (Abd El-Aty et al, 2011)

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion