Inheritance of Traits Controlled by Odd Chromosomes Using Data on Transmission of Monosomic Addition St Chromosome of the Elymus Sibiricus Genome

Abstract

On the basis of the winter bread wheat cultivar Obryi, two independent disomic addition lines BC12F∞ with the chromosome of the E. sibiricus St genome are created. A practical algorithm for determining the probabilities of transmission of the odd chromosome separately through male and female gametes in selfpollination of hemizygous hybrids from the equation p2–(1 + f1–f4) × p + f1 = 0 is proposed, where p is the probability of the formation of viable gametes with the considered chromosome and f1 and f4 are the empirical frequencies of the corresponding homozygotes with and without the trait. The probability of transmission of an alien univalent chromosome through pollen (p♂) is associated with the frequency of its transmission through the egg cell (p♀) in backcrosses and in self-pollination (1–f4) by the equation p♂ = 1–f4/(1–p♀). The calculated empirically dependent estimates of the probabilities of transmission of the added chromosome through the egg cell p♀ = 18.7% and through pollen p♂ = 4.3% correspond to the empirical frequencies obtained for backcrosses. The coefficients of the gamete selection V♀ = 0.748 and V♂ = 0.172 are calculated, and the expected segregation for the alien trait controlled by a dominant gene located in the added chromosome is determined—with the trait: without the trait is 0.222: 0.778 in F2; 0.187: 0.813 in equational and 0.043: 0.957 in certational backcrosses.