Abstract
This study was conducted during 2018 and 2019 at the Rice Research and Training Centre farm, Sakha, Kafr el Sheikh, Egypt. Six genotypes of rice, Sakha 101, Giza 178, Irat 170, Wab-56-104, IR65500-127 and IR69853 were half-diallel crossed to estimate the combining ability effect as well as sink and yield potential in rice. Sink capacity (number of spikelets/panicle and 1000-grain weight), source leaf (flag leaf length, flag leaf width and flag leaf area), source-sink association (number of spikelets/panicle to flag leaf area ratio) and traits of yield components (filled grains number/panicle and panicle number) plant and grain yield/plant) were analysed. The results indicated that both general and specific combining ability were highly significant for all the studied characteristics. IR65500-127, Giza 178, and Sakha 101 were identified as good parents, so these parents were suggested for a further recombinant breeding programme. The cross of 3 × 5 was found to be superior for flag leaf width and grain yield, while the cross of 1 × 4 was found to be superior for flag leaf length, flag leaf length/width ratio, chlorophyll content and number of panicles/plant. Advancing these crosses and effected selections in segregating generation would be helpful to develop high yielding varieties. The genetic parameter showed a dominant deviation in one direction was controlled for all characters except flag leaf length. The analysis of the regression line showed that the over-dominance played an important role in the inheritance of gene action for grain yield/plant.
Highlights
Rice is the second most common cereal crop in the world; it provides staple food for nearly half of the world’s population (Shang et al 2020)
Low ratio of general combining ability (GCA)/specific combining ability (SCA) was found for all characters under study except flag leaf width and flag leaf area
Our study provides general information relevant to some flag leaf and yield characters breeding for the development of F1 rice hybrids
Summary
Rice is the second most common cereal crop in the world; it provides staple food for nearly half of the world’s population (Shang et al 2020). The application of new alternatives in rice breeding is a prospective possibility to release competitive genotypes in comparison with traditional ones (Pauk et al 2009). Traditional breeding methods still provide the possibility of the development of rice hybrids. Diallel cross technique is one of the different methods of assessing the nature of the gene action of parents. It estimates the combing ability of parents, gene effects, and heterotic effects (Fasahat et al 2016). Parental lines and their hybrids can be assessed through diallel analysis
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