Inheritance of morphological characters of soybean leaves, pods, and seeds

Abstract

A character inherited from parents to offspring is influenced by gene action. Genes that control plant character can be influenced by additive, epistatic, or dominant gene action. The purpose of this study was to determine the inheritance of the morphological characters of leaves, pods, and soybean seeds through the analysis of gene action and the number of genes in F2 populations. There are two kinds of the crossing result of soybean lines, i.e., UM 3.2 x Argomulyo and UM 6.1 x Burangrang. The experiment was carried out at Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute (Iletri) Kendalpayak, Malang, East Java, Indonesia. Estimation of the gene action and the number of genes was done by measuring the value of skewness and kurtosis. The suitability of inheritance patterns was analyzed by using the chi-square test. The results showed that the character of leaf length, leaf width, pod thickness, and seed hilum length in the UM 3.2 x Argomulyo cross were influenced by the additive genes action with complementary epistatic influences, while the characters of the petiol length, pod length, pod width, seed length, seed width, and seed thickness were affected by additive gene action with duplicate epistatic effects. In UM 6.1 x Burangrang cross, the characters of leaf width, pod thickness, seed width, seed thickness, and length of seed hilum were influenced by the additive genes action with complementary influences, while the characters of leaf length, petiole length, pod length, pod width, and seed length were influenced by additives gene action with duplicate epistatic influence. Many genes controlled the characters of petiol length, pod length, pod width, pod thickness, seed length, seed width, and seed hilum length.