Abstract
Increasing sugar content in silage maize stalk improves forage quality and palatability. However, the mechanism of inheritance of stalk sugar content in maize has not been clear yet. To this end, joint analysis of a mixed genetic model of both major gene and polygene was conducted to investigate the inheritance of stalk sugar content in maize. Maize inbred lines YXD053 (high sugar content, Brix = 11.32%), 98A-04 (high sugar content, Brix = 10.69%), and Y6-1 (low sugar content, Brix = 6.3%) were used as parents in this study. Stalk sugar content of three parents and four populations of F 1 , F 2 , BC 1 , and BC 2 generated from two crosses of YXD053×Y6-1 and 98A-04×Y6-1, was surveyed. Results showed that sugar content in maize stalk was controlled by two major genes with additive-dominance-epistatic effects and polygene with additive-dominance-epistatic effects, and mainly governed by major genes. For cross YXD053×Y6-1, the heritabilities of major genes in BC 1 , BC 2 , and F 2 were 34.52%, 52.94%, and 73.05%, respectively. The heritability of polygene could only be detected in BC 2 , which was 23.87%. For cross 98A-04×Y6-1, the heritabilities of major genes in BC 1 , BC 2 and F 2 were 60.49%, 28.79%, and 68.62%, respectively. The heritability of polygene was not detected in F 2 . The total heritability of major gene and polygene for crosses YXD053×Y6-1 and 98A-04×Y6-1 was 61.46% and 69.94%. The degree of dominance of major gene (h/d) in two crosses was less than one, and the additive genetic effects might play a more important role in breeding of hybrids with high stalk sugar content. Additionally, sugar content in maize stalk could be also subject to environmental factors. Results presented here provide valuable information for stalk sugar content improvement in silage maize breeding program, and lay a foundation for the following maize stalk sugar content QTLs mapping.
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