Inhalational versus Intravenous General Anesthesia for mechanical thrombectomy for stroke: A single centre retrospective study

Abstract

BackgroundWhen general anesthesia is used for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS), the choice of anesthetic agents for maintenance remains inconclusive. The different effects of intravenous anesthetic and volatiles agents on cerebral hemodynamics are known and may explain differences in outcomes of patients with cerebral pathologies exposed to the different anesthetic modalities. In this single institutional retrospective study, we assessed the impact of total intravenous (TIVA) and inhalational anesthesia on outcomes after EVT. MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of all patients ≥ 18 years who underwent EVT for AIS of the anterior or posterior circulation under general anesthesia. Baseline patient characteristics, anesthetic agents, intra operative hemodynamics, stroke characteristics, time intervals and clinical outcome data were collected and analyzed. ResultsThe study cohort consisted of 191 patients. After excluding 76 patients who were lost to follow up at 90 days, 51 patients received inhalational anesthesia and 64 patients who received TIVA were analyzed. The clinical characteristics between the groups were comparable. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of outcome measures for TIVA versus inhalational anesthesia showed significantly increased odds of good functional outcome (mRS 0–2) at 90 days (adjusted odds ratio, 3.24; 95% CI, 1.25–8.36; p = 0.015) and a non-significant trend towards decreased mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 0.73; CI, 0.15–3.6; p = 0.70). ConclusionPatients who had TIVA for mechanical thrombectomy had significantly increased odds of good functional outcome at 90 days and a non-significant trend towards decrease in mortality. These findings warrant further investigation with large randomized, prospective trials.