Abstract

espanolColombia posee mineral de niquel en las tierras altas de la region de San Jorge, al sur del departamento de Cordoba. El material extraido del area se procesa mediante calcinacion y fusion en un horno rotatorio y horno electrico de arco electrico, respectivamente, para obtener el ferroniquel. Durante la trituracion, secado y calcinacion del mineral dentro del horno rotatorio, se producen finas particulas de mineral que contienen Fe y Ni; estas particulas finas deben ser aglomeradas y luego devueltas al horno para la calcinacion. Dentro del horno, el tamano del material y la velocidad de los gases, limita la eficiencia del proceso, donde particulas de menos de 2 mm no calcinan y son expulsadas del horno. El presente trabajo analiza la influencia del tamano de particula de un mineral lateritico de niquel, sometido a reduccion en un reactor de Linder, utilizando dos distribuciones de tamano de particula; una muestra convencional para prueba de reduccion y otra multa. Los materiales se secaron y luego se redujeron a una temperatura de 950 ° C, con carbon como agente reductor. Se encontro que la perdida de masa debida al tamano de particula no era relevante y la disminucion del tamano de particula mejora la concentracion del material deseado, optimizando la recuperacion de Fe y Ni durante la etapa de reduccion. Palabras clave: mineral lateritico, horno rotatorio, niquel, reduccion directa, tamano de particula, reactor Linder. EnglishColombia possesses Nickel ore in the highlands of the San Jorge region, south of the department of Cordoba. The material extracted from the area is processed by means of calcination and fusion in a Rotary Kiln and an Electrical Arc Furnace EAF respectively to obtain the Ferronickel. During the crushing, drying, and calcination of the mineral within the Rotary Kiln, fine ore particles that contain Fe and Ni are produced; these fine particles must be agglomerated and then returned to the furnace for calcination. Inside the furnace, the size of the material and the velocity of the gases, limits the efficiency of the process, where particles less than 2 mm do not calcine and is expelled from the furnace. The present work analyses the influence of particle size of a lateritic mineral of nickel, submitted to reduction in a Linder reactor, using two particle size distributions; a conventional sample for reduction test and another fine. The materials were dried and then reduced at a temperature of 950°C, with coal as a reductive agent. It was found that the loss of mass due to the particle size was not relevant and the decrease of particle size improves the concentration of the desired material, optimizing the recuperation of Fe and Ni during the reduction stage. portuguesA Colombia possui minerio de niquel nas terras altas da regiao de San Jorge, ao sul do departamento de Cordoba. O material extraido da area e processado por meio de calcinacao e fusao em um Forno Rotativo e uma FEA de Forno a Arco Eletrico respectivamente para obter o Ferroniquel. Durante o esmagamento, secagem e calcinacao do mineral dentro do forno rotativo, particulas finas de minerio contendo Fe e Ni sao produzidas; estas particulas finas devem ser aglomeradas e depois devolvidas ao forno para calcinacao. Dentro do forno, o tamanho do material e a velocidade dos gases, limita a eficiencia do processo, onde particulas menores que 2 mm nao calcinam e sao expelidas do forno. O presente trabalho analisa a influencia do tamanho de particulas de um mineral lateritico de niquel, submetido a reducao em um reator de Linder, utilizando duas distribuicoes de tamanho de particula; uma amostra convencional para teste de reducao e outra multa. Os materiais foram secos e depois reduzidos a uma temperatura de 950 ° C, com carvao como agente redutor. Verificou-se que a perda de massa devido ao tamanho das particulas nao foi relevante e a diminuicao do tamanho das particulas melhora a concentracao do material desejado, otimizando a recuperacao de Fe e Ni durante o estagio de reducao.

Highlights

  • The material extracted from the area is processed by means of calcination and fusion in a Rotary Kiln and an Electrical Arc Furnace EAF respectively to obtain the Ferronickel

  • The present work analyses the influence of particle size of a lateritic mineral of nickel, submitted to reduction in a Linder reactor, using two particle size distributions; a conventional sample for reduction test and another fine

  • These particles can continue to the Rotary Kiln where the calcination stage is completed with a coarse mineral that can resist the abrasion of rotation and can be reduced to iron and nickel with the least amount of material losses, which could be dragged by the gases, or could sinter to agglomerate, and form crusts or ringing inside the furnace [3-5]

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Summary

Introduction

One of the current problems in the extractive metallurgic industries is the generation of fine particles during processing operations of its minerals. Before the chemical transformation of the mineral, precise control of the particle size is required during crushing, so that the particles arrive to the drying stage with minimal loss of material. Fine particles in the industry are inevitable and they must undergo further studies that allow its concentration for later processes or the manipulation of these as individual materials without a necessity for agglomeration With this premise, a typical mineral is taken to obtain ferronickel in two distribution sizes; one adapted to the reduction test (mesh +3/8” -1”) and the other a fine material (mesh +16 -8). The investigation proceeds at a laboratory test level, to demonstrate that the sieve classification does not influence the loss of the element with high economic value

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