Abstract
The level of iodine in breast milk may be inadequate and compromise the health of this, both due to excess and lack, some population groups remain deficient because of the low consumption of iodate salt, because there is an increase in consumption of other sources of iodine, such as supplements and fortified foods. To evaluate the effect of the consumption of fortified foods and nutritional supplements with iodine on maternal milk levels. Systematic review based on the Prism method, using the descriptors provided by DeCS. The reading, selection and analysis of the methodological quality of the articles was done by two researchers independently. From 346 abstracts, 6 were eligible. The median iodination range between the studies ranged from 75 to 600 µg in supplements and 150 and 225 µg in fortified foods with effect on increased iodine concentration of breastmilk (BMIC), achieving the adequacy of the median BMIC in 4 of the 6 studies. Iodine ingestion through supplements or fortified foods results in improved iodine levels in breast milk.
Highlights
The level of iodine in breast milk may be inadequate and compromise the health of this, both due to excess and lack, some population groups remain deficient because of the low consumption of iodate salt, because there is an increase in consumption of other sources of iodine, such as supplements and fortified foods
This systematic review sought to answer the following question “whats the change of the level of iodine in breastmilk of lactating women who receive supplements or foods fortified with iodine?” The protocol of this study was registered in the PROSPERO with the identification number CRD42019122219
The correction of low iodine levels in breast milk to adequate in lactating women who presented iodine insufficiency, showed that supplementation and consumption of fortified foods as an effective practice for restoring adequate levels of breast milk
Summary
The level of iodine in breast milk may be inadequate and compromise the health of this, both due to excess and lack, some population groups remain deficient because of the low consumption of iodate salt, because there is an increase in consumption of other sources of iodine, such as supplements and fortified foods. Conclusion: Iodine ingestion through supplements or fortified foods results in improved iodine levels in breast milk. Ingestion of supplements and fortified food with iodine on the breast milk iodine concentration in deficiency areas: a systematic review. The iodine deficiency in the world primarily affects the maternal-infant group, such as lactating women the group less studied1 This has serious consequences on women's health, and impacts the child on breastfeeding, compromising neurocognitive and psychomotor development, and other neurological consequences[2, 3]. To ensure the infant iodine needs, from 90 to 110 μg/ day, by the ingestion of 0, 78L of breast milk 5, the lactating women need to ingest 250 μg/day of this micronutrient, through the consumption of foods, supplements and the iodized salt, 1, 6-8 to maintain their levels on the average of 146 μg/L of breastmilk. This measure is adopted by most part countries through iodation programs and has resulted in positive effects on the reduction of all forms of disorders caused by the deficiency of this mineral [9, 10]
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