Ingesta alimentaria y evaluación antropométrica en niños escolares de Buenos Aires

Abstract

The main objectives of this study were to analyze food intake and to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in school-aged children. Fifth-grade children from 80 randomly-selected public schools from the Buenos Aires metropolitan area were included. Data on food intake were collected using a 24-hour recall period and frequency of weekly consumption. Data on weight and height were also collected. The sample was made up of 1673 children (854 girls and 819 boys), with an average age of 10.9 years old. The average calorie intake was 2316 kcal/day (±888) with an adequacy ratio of 115.8% in relation to the dietary reference intake. Of the total assessed children, 21.3% was overweight and 14.3% was obese. Mean intake of dietary fiber was 9 g/day (dietary reference intake: 28 g/day, 32.1% of adequacy). Only 2% of children complied with the recommended intake of vegetables and 17%, with the recommended intake of fruit. The most frequently consumed high calorie density foods were: soft drinks/juices, candies, sweet cookies and high fat seasonings and dressings. The high calorie intake, together with the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the studied population, justifies the need to implement nutrition education programs targeted at encouraging a healthier diet.