Abstract
Binding and planned community regulations regarding INSPIRE and other documents resulting from work on INSPIRE have forced the member countries to implement new or updated regulations. The purpose of creating the spatial information infrastructure was to unify the exchange of geographical data at the national and international levels, create transparent and favorable conditions for the use of geographical data, facilitate decision-making and develop business activity, and, as a consequence, facilitate the creation of the INSPIRE geoportal by the European Research Center (JRC) of the European Commission, which aims be the central hub of the European spatial information infrastructure. Land management systems use layers from geoportals and are also a data source because their task is to develop sustainable space development. The article presents the rules for implementing EU directives in Poland and Italy at various levels of detail and examines access to data and spatial information infrastructure. A comparative analysis of geoportals was performed in terms of the functionality and availability of free data (types of data) at national and local levels in terms of verification of compliance with the Ubiquitous Public Access Context Information Model (UPA) defined by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 19100. National geoportals (Polish Geoportal 2 and the Italian-Geoportale Nazionale) and Municipal Spatial Information Systems from the cities of Olsztyn and Bari were compared.
Highlights
The development of geoportals has resulted in easy access to spatial information
There are a large number of databases in the European Community countries, which are scattered over a number of institutions depending on the area concerned
The research was based on the use of the functional matrix (Tdheataaimaonf dthesestruvdyicweassctoopcoem)paarnedthecodemgrpeelioaf nadcveanwceimthentthinestluedgieaslofnrcarmeateinwg aonrdk derived from the INSPIRE Didreevcetloivpiengggueiodpeorltianlse. sT.heAscucbojecrtdoifntghetroesteharechfiwvaes-tphoe ienxitstTiniglgPnoleisrhsNcaatlioen[a5l 1Sp]a, ttiahleDfaotallowing system quality classes wInferarsetraucdtuorpe taenddIftaoliranevNaatliuonaatliSopnat:ial Data Infrastructure
Summary
The development of geoportals has resulted in easy access to spatial information. Cartographers used to draw maps, analyze them, and use them for orientation, and they have converted them to digital form. There are a large number of databases in the European Community countries, which are scattered over a number of institutions depending on the area concerned It is very time-consuming to collect comprehensive spatial information on a given region, and it is almost impossible to compare data between different EU countries because they were not previously harmonised. To change this situation, in 2007, the European Commission adopted the INSPIRE Directive (Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 March 2007) to establish an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community, whose main objective is to facilitate and accelerate access to data and to increase the possibility of data exchange within EU countries [2]. The development of Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) is an important aspect in studies on geoinformation because of the exchange of spatial data
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