Abstract
Cascading disasters progress from one hazard event to a range of interconnected events and impacts, with often devastating consequences. Rain-related cascading disasters are a particularly frequent form of cascading disasters in many parts of the world, and they are likely to become even more frequent due to climate change and accelerating coastal development, among other issues. (1) Background: The current literature review extended previous reviews of documented progressions from one natural hazard event to another, by focusing on linkages between rain-related natural hazard triggers and infrastructural impacts. (2) Methods: A wide range of case studies were reviewed using a systematic literature review protocol. The review quality was enhanced by only including case studies that detailed mechanisms that have led to infrastructural impacts, and which had been published in high-quality academic journals. (3) Results: A sum of 71 articles, concerning 99 case studies of rain-related disasters, were fully reviewed. Twenty-five distinct mechanisms were identified, as the foundation for a matrix running between five different natural hazards and eight types of infrastructural impacts. (4) Conclusion: Relatively complex quantitative methods are needed to generate locality-specific, cascading disaster likelihoods and scenarios. Appropriate methods can leverage the current matrix to structure both Delphi-based approaches and network analysis using longitudinal data.
Highlights
The devastating impacts of disasters such as the Odisha Super Typhoon of 1999, Hurricane Katrina in 2005, and the Central European floods of 2013 have highlighted widespread vulnerabilities to extreme weather events
Hurricane Katrina triggered a 7.3 to 8.5 me storm surge that was combined with ongoing rainfall to inundate 80 percent of New Orleans’ urban infrastructure footprint [5,6]
The combined matrix resulting from the current review provides a robust set of parameters for further analyses of cascading rain-related disaster risk by highlighting a broader, but defined range, of known scenario elements
Summary
The devastating impacts of disasters such as the Odisha Super Typhoon of 1999, Hurricane Katrina in 2005, and the Central European floods of 2013 have highlighted widespread vulnerabilities to extreme weather events. These types of events involve wind speed, rainfall, and other meteorological variables that “exceed a particular threshold and deviate significantly from mean climate conditions” [1]. The current literature review extended previous reviews of documented progressions from one natural hazard event to another, by focusing on linkages between rain-related natural hazard triggers and infrastructural impacts. Appropriate methods can leverage the current matrix to structure both Delphi-based approaches and network analysis using longitudinal data.
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