Abstract
The results of study of the fine-scale wind velocity structure in the upper stratosphere, mesosphere, and lower thermosphere by using recently developed method of infrasound probing of the atmosphere are presented. The method is based on the effect of infrasound scattering from highly anisotropic wind velocity and temperature nonhomogeneities in the middle and upper atmosphere. The vertical profiles of the wind velocity fluctuations in the upper atmosphere (up to a height of 140 km) are retrieved from the wave forms and travel times of the infrasound signals from volcanoes and surface explosions. The vertical wavenumber spectra of the retrieved wind velocity fluctuations are obtained for the upper stratosphere. Despite the difference in the location of explosive sources all the obtained spectra show the existence of high vertical wavenumber spectral tail with certain power law decay. The effect of a fine-scale wind velocity structure and its variability on the wave forms, coherence, and frequency spectra of the infrasound arrivals is studied. The possibility to use retrieved wind velocity structure in the upper stratosphere and lower thermosphere for improving an infrasound monitoring of infrasound sources in the atmosphere and parameterizing statistical characteristics of anisotropic turbulence (variances, spatial and temporal spectra, and coherence) is discussed.
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