Abstract
Sol-gel titania films were deposited on 316L stainless steel using titanium isopropoxide as a chemical precursor. Dip-coating was performed at withdrawal speeds of 6 mm/min, 30 mm/min, and 60 mm/min. Deposited gel films were heat treated in air at 80℃, 100℃, 300℃, and 400℃. The structural evolution of the coatings was evaluated by infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy. The influence of the withdrawal speed and the heat treatment temperature on the structure of the films was studied by varying the reflectance incidence angle during the infrared experiments and by Glow Discharge Spectrometry. Free functional groups were detected. The results indicate the formation of bidendate bridging coordination of carboxylic acid to titanium. Titanium atoms can also be pentacoordinated according to the processing conditions of the films. We observed a tendency of increasing amounts of OH groups with decreasing reflectance incidence angle. The film hardness was measured via Knoop microindenation hardness test.
Highlights
There are many different thin film processing techniques, including physical and chemical techniques
The determination of the structure of the deposited films is discussed in terms of the withdrawal speed, the heating temperature and the incidence angle (θ) used in the infrared spectroscopy
This is consistent with the fact that in this temperature range water and organic groups are removed from the titania films
Summary
There are many different thin film processing techniques, including physical and chemical techniques. Sol-gels offer potential advantages [1,2], including the good homogeneity of the product, and the fine control over composition. Another convenient feature of this technology is the fact that sol-gel samples can be obtained as bulks, thin films, and powders [3,4]. One advantage of the wet coating technique is that molecular structures, developed by chemical synthesis, can be used to develop new properties either to preserve theses structures on the surface, or to develop new desired molecular structures by heat-treatment and subsequent chemical reaction on the surface. The application potential results from the opportunity of synthesizing unique material properties and combine it with cost-effective coating techniques [9]
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