Abstract
BIM (Building Information Modeling) processes are the most effective way to know existing architectural structures, integrating the most advanced potentials of 3D modeling and the structured storage of heterogeneous information. Many HBIM (Heritage Building Information Modeling) applications lead to the systematization of survey data, even though a univocal working method is not yet clearly defined. This research considers the decomposition of architecture, based on structured criteria, and its reconstruction, through ideal models, as the main moments of the HBIM process. This hypothesis is verified through a procedure that links the survey 3D data with the characteristics of the ideal HBIM model, which allows a continuous comparison between the project model and as-built. The research provides for the setting up of a general methodology that, according to a growing approach to the complexity of the analyzed buildings, compares the process followed on two architectural structures. The study analyzes some important HBIM issues: The relationship between the semantic modeling and the surfaces’ continuity of architectural heritage; the relationship between the elements standardization, geometric irregularities, and material heterogeneity; the reliability of the built models; and the evaluation of the gap between an ideal model and the objective accuracy of surveying.
Highlights
The Italian territory is full of buildings with historical and cultural value, which require more or less invasive transformation
It focuses on the decomposition of the architecture and its reconstruction through the operations of modeling, considering them as the main moments of the HBIM process
Among these: The relationship between semantic modeling and the continuity of the surfaces of the existing architecture; the relationship between the standardization of the components—typical of BIM—and the geometric and material irregularities; the reliability of the HBIM models to evaluate the gap between an ideal model and the objective accuracy of a survey
Summary
The Italian territory is full of buildings with historical and cultural value, which require more or less invasive transformation. The presence on the territory of a very high number of existing buildings, many of them of high historical and cultural value, which require more or less incisive transformation interventions, has favored the extension of a European directive of 2014 (EUPPD 2014/24/EU) It promotes a new approach concerning the entire building process (design, representation, construction, management, and maintenance) and invites the use of BIM for new construction interventions and for restoration, adaptation, or maintenance. In this context, it is necessary to keep in mind the link between these operations and knowledge and documentation of the history and current-state of the artifacts. This information (metric, geometric, morphological, material, chromatic) expressed through digital models allows for improvement of the knowledge of the building and offers control using the acquired data in the development of subsequent projects
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