Information technology (IT) and integration in the construction industry

Abstract

The focus of this paper is on the integration of design and construction activities. We argue that information technology (IT) can effectively promote integration in the construction industry. Recent advances in the field of IT, the increasingly global nature of the construction market and a renewed demand for quality and productivity in construction are making the issue of integration more critical than ever. Design and construction organizations can achieve integration of various construction activities by redesigning many of their organizational functions and processes and IT can facilitate redesigning of these processes. The dynamic nature of construction processes, interdependence of various participating entities and the need for teamwork, flexibility and a high degree of coordination suggest that IT has great potential in the construction industry. The construction industry can make effective use of communication, data accessibility and common systems designed to process data, the three major categories of IT capabilities to achieve integration. We contend that appropriate IT investment and management's commitment and ability to provide leadership under the changed atmosphere are crucial for the successful implementation of IT in the construction industry. The impact of IT on the design and construction organizations must be managed with an understanding of external and internal factors that affect business organizations. It is essential that an appropriate environment that establishes suitable reward recognition procedures, encourages team-work and creativity and stimulates decentralization of decision-making activities be created. Thus, IT implementation is not just a technical enhancement but a managerial decision that involves re-engineering of organizational functions and operations.