Abstract
Cybersecurity is becoming an increasingly important aspect to investigate for the adoption and use of care robots, in term of both patients’ safety, and the availability, integrity and privacy of their data. This study focuses on opinions about cybersecurity relevance and related skills for physiotherapists involved in rehabilitation and assistance thanks to the aid of robotics. The goal was to investigate the awareness among insiders about some facets of cybersecurity concerning human–robot interactions. We designed an electronic questionnaire and submitted it to a relevant sample of physiotherapists. The questionnaire allowed us to collect data related to: (i) use of robots and its relationship with cybersecurity in the context of physiotherapy; (ii) training in cybersecurity and robotics for the insiders; (iii) insiders’ self-assessment on cybersecurity and robotics in some usage scenarios, and (iv) their experiences of cyber-attacks in this area and proposals for improvement. Besides contributing some specific statistics, the study highlights the importance of both acculturation processes in this field and monitoring initiatives based on surveys. The study exposes direct suggestions for continuation of these types of investigations in the context of scientific societies operating in the rehabilitation and assistance robotics. The study also shows the need to stimulate similar initiatives in other sectors of medical robotics (robotic surgery, care and socially assistive robots, rehabilitation systems, training for health and care workers) involving insiders.
Highlights
Cybersecurity (Cyb) in healthcare (CybH) includes all the general actions that we can find in the world of industry and consumption, adjusted for the health domain [1,2].CybH addresses the cyber risk in a cyber-system in the health domain
Important issues emerge for medical devices (MDs)
In the case of a standalone medical device (SMD) CybH must concentrate on the device itself
Summary
Cybersecurity (Cyb) in healthcare (CybH) includes all the general actions that we can find in the world of industry and consumption (network security, application security, information security, operational security, disaster recovery and operational continuity, end-user training), adjusted for the health domain [1,2]. CybH addresses the cyber risk in a cyber-system in the health domain. The cyber-system can either be a complex medical device and/or a complex interoperable and heterogeneous system (e.g., a hospital information system, a radiology information system; a dedicated medical network). Important issues emerge for medical devices (MDs). In the case of a standalone medical device (SMD) (not connected to other systems) CybH must concentrate on the device itself. Much of the Cyb depends on the correct implementation of the certification processes, considering the CybH
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