INFORMATION POLICY OF THE COUNTRIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF ELECTORAL CAMPAIGNS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE USA AND UKRAINE

Abstract

The article analyzes the essence of election campaigns, outlines the main tasks and stages of their implementation, considers the features of information support for election campaigns. American standards for the development of political PR technologies for election campaigns are studied, and the peculiarities of the organization of political advertising in the media and social networks of candidates in the United States are considered. It has been established that the information support of election campaigns in the United States is carried out taking into account feedback from citizens from a thorough study of society's expectations. Thus, in the US, the media, as communication channels, carry out the functions of collecting, filtering, distributing and generalizing ideas about voters through shows, interviews, and debates. It was found that the media occupy a key place in the formation of the information space of power and have the status of an intermediary in the relationship between the population and the authorities through the use of various communication mechanisms. Internet communications used by the headquarters of B. Obama, D. Trump, H. Clinton, J. Biden during the election campaigns of candidates most actively included e-mail, websites, blogs and social networks, online television and video channels on Internet resource YouTube.com. It has been proven that the Internet provides undeniable effectiveness in the political struggle tools for interacting with the electorate, conveying one's point of view to the voters, and expanding the base of the election campaign. Ukrainian standards for the development of political PR technologies to ensure the conduct of election campaigns are analyzed. Features of the organization of political advertising of candidates in Ukraine in mass media and social networks are considered. The Ukrainian experience of information policy during election campaigns is analyzed and the main problems of information support of election campaigns are studied, as well as ways to solve them are proposed.