Abstract
This study aims to develop an unobtrusive assessment method for information literacy in the context of crisis management decision making in a digital serious game. The goal is to only employ in-game indicators to assess the players’ skill level on different facets of information literacy. In crisis management decision making it is crucial to combine an intuitive approach to decision making, build up by experience, with an analytical approach to decision making, taking into account contextual information about the crisis situation. Situations like these have to be trained frequently, for example by using serious games. Adaptivity can improve the effectiveness and efficiency of serious games. Unobtrusive assessment can enable game developers to make the game adapt to the players current skill level without breaking the flow of gameplay. Participants played a gameplay scenario in the Dilemma Game. Additionally, participants completed a questionnaire that was used as a validation measure for the in-game information literacy assessment. Using latent profile analyses, unobtrusive assessment models could be identified, most of which correlate significantly to the validation measure scores. Although inconsistencies in correlations between the information literacy standards, which call for broader testing of the identified unobtrusive assessment models, have been observed, the results display a good starting point for an unobtrusive assessment method and a first step in the development of an adaptive serious game for information literacy in crisis management decision making.
Highlights
Professionals in crisis management decision-making in the safety domain have to take wellinformed and appropriate actions in an often very short time frame
The VRT uses the term analytical skills to refer to all these competencies (Veiligheidsregio Twente, 2016), which are in line with what we described in the context of Information Literacy (IL)
To evaluate the validation measure we considered only the 40 participants who were eligible for the analysis of the gameplay data
Summary
Professionals in crisis management decision-making in the safety domain have to take wellinformed and appropriate actions in an often very short time frame For making these decisions they may rely on their experiences and known heuristics. Decision makers may engage in a more analytical approach characterized by an elaborate information analytical process, implying that they interpret and analyze information (often brought to them by experts) thoroughly before making a decision. Both approaches are important for making sound decisions in the context of crisis management, where the decision-making process can become complex rather quickly (van der Hulst et al, 2014). The intuitive approach implies that previous experiences of decision makers are a crucial factor in performing this “analysis” effectively and accurately
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