Information flow in the rat thalamo-cortical system: spontaneous vs. stimulus-evoked activities

Kotaro Ishizu,Masafumi Oizumi,Hirokazu Takahashi,Tomoyo I Shiramatsu,Rie Hitsuyu,Naotsugu Tsuchiya

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-98660-y

Abstract

The interaction between the thalamus and sensory cortex plays critical roles in sensory processing. Previous studies have revealed pathway-specific synaptic properties of thalamo-cortical connections. However, few studies to date have investigated how each pathway routes moment-to-moment information. Here, we simultaneously recorded neural activity in the auditory thalamus (or ventral division of the medial geniculate body; MGv) and primary auditory cortex (A1) with a laminar resolution in anesthetized rats. Transfer entropy (TE) was used as an information theoretic measure to operationalize “information flow”. Our analyses confirmed that communication between the thalamus and cortex was strengthened during presentation of auditory stimuli. In the resting state, thalamo-cortical communications almost disappeared, whereas intracortical communications were strengthened. The predominant source of information was the MGv at the onset of stimulus presentation and layer 5 during spontaneous activity. In turn, MGv was the major recipient of information from layer 6. TE suggested that a small but significant population of MGv-to-A1 pairs was “information-bearing,” whereas A1-to-MGv pairs typically exhibiting small effects played modulatory roles. These results highlight the capability of TE analyses to unlock novel avenues for bridging the gap between well-established anatomical knowledge of canonical microcircuits and physiological correlates via the concept of dynamic information flow.

Highlights

The interaction between the thalamus and sensory cortex plays critical roles in sensory processing
Burst activities were often observed as barrages of multi-unit activity (MUA) in A1, which might influence the information flow
Burst periods did not depend on stimulus presentation significantly, and bursts were likely to have little effects to characterize the difference between TEspon and TEstim

Summary

Introduction

The interaction between the thalamus and sensory cortex plays critical roles in sensory processing. TE suggested that a small but significant population of MGv-to-A1 pairs was “information-bearing,” whereas A1-to-MGv pairs typically exhibiting small effects played modulatory roles These results highlight the capability of TE analyses to unlock novel avenues for bridging the gap between well-established anatomical knowledge of canonical microcircuits and physiological correlates via the concept of dynamic information flow. Communication between the thalamus and cortex is expected to be strengthened during stimulus presentation, whereas communication within the cortex is likely to be strengthened in the resting state in the absence of overt sensory processing These differences have yet to be characterized comprehensively in the thalamocortical sensory system, especially at the level of neuronal spiking. TE is a metric based on information theory that statistically quantifies the directed influence between two sets of time-series data

Methods

Results

Conclusion