Abstract
Using information theoretic measures, relations between heart rhythm, repolarization in the tissue of the heart, and the diastolic interval time series are analyzed. These processes are a fragment of the cardiovascular physiological network. A comparison is made between the results for 84 (42 women) healthy individuals and 65 (45 women) long QT syndrome type 1 (LQTS1) patients. Self-entropy, transfer entropy, and joint transfer entropy are calculated for the three time series and their combinations. The results for self-entropy indicate the well-known result that regularity of heart rhythm for healthy individuals is larger than that of QT interval series. The flow of information depends on the direction with the flow from the heart rhythm to QT dominating. In LQTS1 patients, however, our results indicate that information flow in the opposite direction may occur—a new result. The information flow from the heart rhythm to QT dominates, which verifies the asymmetry seen by Porta et al. in the variable tilt angle experiment. The amount of new information and self-entropy for LQTS1 patients is smaller than that for healthy individuals. However, information transfers from RR to QT and from DI to QT are larger in the case of LQTS1 patients.
Highlights
Repolarization in the ventricles of the heart is a process allowing the muscle cells of the ventricles to regain their ability to depolarize again
We study the effect of age on the information flow between these variables and the information flow between the RR as well as the QT intervals and the diastolic interval (DI) (Ozimek et al, 2020)
The Shannon entropy HY calculated for the individual processes (Figure 2) shows that in all cases, it is larger for healthy individuals
Summary
Repolarization in the ventricles of the heart is a process allowing the muscle cells of the ventricles to regain their ability to depolarize again. The duration of the QRS complex is a measure of the depolarization time in the ventricles of the heart. The corrected QT interval (QTc) contains information on the heart rate and Information Flow for LQTS1 Patients will not be used below for the analysis of the information flow. Another ECG interval of interest is the diastolic interval (DI)— the time between the end of the T segment and the beginning of the QRS complex (Imam et al, 2015). No electrical activity occurs in the ventricles
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