Information Communication Technology's Influence on Exchange Rate

Examining the role of ICT usage in loneliness perception and mental health of the elderly in China

The study aimed to explore information communication technology role in property tax administration in Rwanda, guided by objectives to assess information communication technology status and usage, examine its integration’s impact on efficiency, and determine taxpayers’ role in information communication technology. The research design was quantitative, targeting 91 commercial building owners and 31 Rwanda Revenue Authority tax officials in Musanze branch. The systematic random sampling method was employed, resulting in a sample of 92 respondents drawn using stratified random sampling. Closed-ended questionnaires were used to collect primary data, which was then analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science and reliability assessed using Cronbach’s Alpha. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation using python to produce a heat-map, and multi linear regression. According to the study’s descriptive data, most respondents believe information communication technology will help with property tax administration, with average ratings frequently exceeding 4 out of 5. Standard deviations were frequently over 0.7, pointing to diverse perceptions. The correlation analysis showed moderate positive correlations for information communication technology Usage and Property Tax Administration, ranging from -0.193 to 0.303, and for information communication technology Integration and property tax administration -0.156 t 0.344, while Taxpayer Knowledge and property tax administration correlations 0.21 to 0.409. Regression analysis indicated R-squared values of 0.704 to 0.819 for information communication technology Usage and property tax administration, 0.652 to 0.801 for information communication technology integration and property tax administration, and 0.622 to 0.781 Taxpayer Knowledge and property tax administration. These results revealed that heightened ICT usage in property tax administration resulted in positive outcomes, including quicker assessment-to-payment cycles, enhanced tax collection accuracy, efficiency, and effectiveness. information communication technology integration improved payment tracking, data collection, and property valuation while lowering tax compliance risk. The study underscores technology’s indispensability for tax administration, fostering confidence in information communication technology tools for property taxes and streamlining tax information management. It was recommended for increased adoption and implementation of information communication technology tools and systems in the administration of property taxes to promote increased information communication technology usage trough training and sensitization. Future studies should conduct similar studies in other regions to validate information providing comprehensive understanding of information communication technology role in property tax administration.

본 연구는 네팔의 정보 통신 기술의 발전 상황을 발전된 다른 나라와 비교하여 네발의 ICT 발전 방향과 다른 나라들과의 발전 차이를 분석하였다. 또한, 네팔 ICT발전을 위한 각각의 분야별 역할에 대하여 분석하였다. 전체적인 ICT 상황을 살펴보면 네팔은 ICT 기반시설과 서비스에서 선진국은 물론이고 다른 개발도산국보다도 덜 발전하였다. 디지털 격차는 극명하게 네팔에서 나타났다. 본 연구를 위한 네팔의 기초 데이터를 다양한 방법으로 획득하였다. ICT 개발을 할 때, 네트워크 준비성 인덱스, 전자정부 개발 인덱스, GDP에서 ICT의 역할, 등의 많은 요인들이 영향을 미친다.This paper examines the Information Communication Technology (ICT) status of Nepal in comparison with the overall ICT status of the world. The main aim of the study is to analyze the current ICT development trend in Nepal and also find the gap in the sector of ICT between Nepal and different countries of the world. Roles of different sector in the development of ICT in Nepal is examined for the study. The overall ICT status of Nepal shows that the country is lagging behind other developed and developing countries in terms of ICT infrastructure and services. The digital divide can be distinctly identified in Nepal. The study is done on the basis of different data obtained about Nepal from different sources. When focusing on ICT development the main focus is done on the factors like network readiness index, e-government development index, role of ICT on GDP and other factors that could lead to the development of ICT.

The ultra-Orthodox community is characterized by high levels of commitment to community and religion and insulation from the outside world. Leaving such a community resembles the process of migration, in which the individual encounters new cultures, norms, and behaviors. This presents challenges with integration and disaffiliated community members do indeed often lack the tools, skills, and knowledge to successfully integrate into their new societies. Through qualitative in-depth interviews, we examine the role of information communication technologies (ICTs) and media in the processes of disaffiliation from ultra-Orthodox communities. Findings reveal the enablers and constraints these individuals experience in their journey and shed light on the importance of media and ICTs in individuals’ attempts to build new lives outside the ultra-Orthodox community. This study contributes to a better understanding of the role of media and ICTs in the lives of people undergoing major life changes, such as disaffiliation from the ultra-Orthodox community.

PurposeThis paper aims to assess the relationships between foreign direct investment (FDI) and domestic entrepreneurship (DE) with the moderating role of formal institutions (FI), logistics and information communication technology (ICT) capacities.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on unbalanced panel data of 53 countries from 2006 to 2020 at different stages of development, using a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis.FindingsThe research results indicate that FDI directly affects the establishment of domestic entrepreneurship. Additionally, FDI firms via the buffer mechanism of FI, logistics and ICT development for DE. Through its adjustment to the quality of institutions, logistics and ICT infrastructure, GDP per capita determines the direction of FDI's impact on DE.Originality/valueThe study's findings grant empirical evidence and theoretical contributions to the relationship between FDI and domestic entrepreneurial development through the buffering mechanism of FI, logistics and the role of ICT.

The role of ICT in information seeking and use amongst research officers in research institutes in Nigeria: The nigerian institute for oceanography & marine research institute experience

Information Communication Technology (ICT) is on the lips of every nation of earth because it brings innovation into information seeking and knowledge acquisition. It is on this premise that this study is embarked upon to identify the roles ICT plays in information seeking and use amongst research officers in Research Institutes in Nigeria. The paper case studies the Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, Lagos using questionnaires, interviews, personal observation and examining relevant records. One hundred and seventy two research officers of the institute were sampled upon. The study examines awareness, use, exposure to ICT; role of ICT and improvements on ICT tools among other things. Results show that ICT plays an immense role in information sourcing, generation, processing, storage/retrieval, dissemination and even entertainment. Also, it shows that for ICT to be used optimally and maximally, there is need to have steady/regular power supply, workable/stable infrastructure and provision of more ICT tools and centres. Recommendations were made to the Federal Government of Nigeria to provide reliable sources of electricity and infrastructure or adapt the technology to local conditions and requirements (e.g. current/planned infrastructure). Manufacturers of ICT tools are urged to use non-radioactive materials in the manufacture of the tools. Other stakeholders should check for security and provide for more African sites.

This study examines the role of knowledge creation, knowledge sharing and information communication technologies, which are organizational factors that influence the quality of healthcare services. In today’s knowledge-intensive environment, understanding and gaining in-depth knowledge on how to improve the quality of healthcare services is gaining in importance and recognition. Quantitative data collected in 2019 with 151 respondents employed in healthcare organizations was used. Running a series of hierarchical linear regression models, we found a significant positive relationship between knowledge creation and quality of healthcare services, and a significant positive relationship between knowledge sharing and quality of healthcare services. Empirical data additionally provides support for information communication technologies that act as a moderator both in the relationship between knowledge creation and knowledge sharing with quality of healthcare services. With our data, we provide empirical backing for the impact of knowledge creation, knowledge sharing and information communication technologies on the quality of healthcare services that are provided by Montenegrin healthcare organizations. Our paper offers theoretical and practical implications derived from our research study.

This study examines the role of knowledge creation, knowledge sharing and information communication technologies, which are organizational factors that influence the quality of healthcare services. In today's knowledge-intensive environment, understanding and gaining in-depth knowledge on how to improve the quality of healthcare services is gaining in importance and recognition. Quantitative data collected in 2019 with 151 respondents employed in healthcare organizations was used. Running a series of hierarchical linear regression models, we found a significant positive relationship between knowledge creation and quality of healthcare services, and a significant positive relationship between knowledge sharing and quality of healthcare services. Empirical data additionally provides support for information communication technologies that act as a moderator both in the relationship between knowledge creation and knowledge sharing with quality of healthcare services. With our data, we provide empirical backing for the impact of knowledge creation, knowledge sharing and information communication technologies on the quality of healthcare services that are provided by Montenegrin healthcare organizations. Our paper offers theoretical and practical implications derived from our research study.

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a vital role in growing and building developing nations' national economy. This study investigates a deep understanding of the influence of Information Communication Technology (ICT) on SMEs' performance in Nigeria. The study found out that most SME owners engage in local business practices in nature of the operation, and marketing strategies are limited within the country. Hence, this is a growing concern, the need to broaden the field of doing business through global integration with ICT aid, which would improve the country's economic growth at large. Based on the literature reviewed, this research work helps to identify the underlying causes, limited ICT readiness, its effectiveness and the need for ICT implementation into business processes, and the knowledge of its potential benefit. Therefore, this paper examines the role of ICT in small businesses' performance; this is estimated to enhance firm productivity and increase profitability, improving overall SMEs’ performance. The study recommends that provision be made for more ICT training facilities, and SMEs need to embrace information and communication technology in terms of resources, networks, and consumer skills. Entrepreneurs are to be enlightened and educated on how ICT can be used to boost operating efficiency. The government should create an enabling environment by offering ICT infrastructure that will promote its growth and implementation in SMEs. This study's data relied on secondary data and current research on SMEs worldwide, focusing on Nigeria.
 Keywords: Small and Medium Enterprises, Information Communication Technology, Limitation, Challenges

This study assessed the influence of information communication technology (ICT) use on job performance of teachers at a private International School in Kampala, Uganda. Specifically, the study assessed the influence of ICT enabled school administration, electronic information resources access and ICT enabled collaborative teaching and learning on job performance of teachers. Using the correlational research design, data were collected from teachers using a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive results showed that performance of teachers was good and use of ICT enabled school administration, electronic information resources access, collaborative teaching and learning was high. Regression analysis revealed that while electronic information resources access had a positive and significant influence on job performance of teachers, ICT enabled school administration and ICT enabled collaborative teaching and learning had a positive but insignificant influence on performance of teachers. It was concluded that electronic information resources access is very essential for job performance of teachers but ICT enabled school administration and ICT enabled collaborative teaching are not critical for job performance of teachers. It was thus recommended that stakeholders in the education sector including the Ministry of Education, Directors of schools and head teachers should promote teachers’ access to electronic information resources access giving less emphasis to ICT enabled school administration and ICT enabled collaborative teaching.

The prologues of Information Communication Technology (ICT) usage including its integration and diffusion kicked off a new era in educational processes and has fundamentally changed the conventional methods of teaching and learning in higher education institutions (HEIs) around the world, and have transformed contemporary processes of teaching and learning experiences of both lecturers and students. The debates here are made with reference to (1) the contexts of ICT and knowledge integration (2) the challenges of ICT usage and knowledge integration, and (3) ICT policy outcomes and national development. A qualitative research method was adopted; the use of document and observation were indispensable part of the methods for data gathering. The study found that the lofty hopes, keenness and enthusiasm for ICT and knowledge integration and management are obstructed as the nation is faced with inadequacies in essential ICT infrastructures and services such as telecommunication services, electricity, incompetent ICT personnel, inadequate funding, poor economic situation, poverty, high ICT literacy rate and so on. However, there is an ongoing moves and development to ensure effective ICT knowledge integration and management in education resources in Nigeria and Africa higher education institutions. This novel study recommends that higher education should become expansive, positive and proactive actors in ICT knowledge integration and management in teaching, learning and research for academics, non-academics to foster admirable academic environment aimed at meeting national development. This learned debate has implication for education practitioners, curriculum developers and designers, policy makers, planners and the government.

The use of the right learning model greatly affects the success of the learning process between lecturers and students. Learning media can be a vehicle for channeling messages and learning information. Learning media that are well designed will greatly help students digest and understand the course material. IT-based learning media can be in the form of internet, intranet, mobile phone, and CD Room. Its main components include the learning management system (LMS) and learning content (LC). Learning in higher education will always change according to the characteristics of students, learning materials and the ever-evolving environment. This study aims to examine the role of information communication technology in learning. The research method in this research is a quantitative method with a survey method, distributing online questionnaires to information systems lecturers at Bina Nusantara University in Indonesia. This study uses SPSS Statistics 24 software to test the hypotheses built in the study. The data obtained were analyzed by means of a comparative test. The results of the analysis of this study indicate that (1) there is no significant difference regarding the role of information communication technology in learning; (2) Inadequate internet connection; (3) low/inadequate power source; (4) Lack of manpower for teaching and administrative development; (5). Ignorance and low level of computer literacy, (6) The high cost of computer information technology equipment; (7) less time and less interest from lecturers in the use of Information Communication Technology facilities.

Agricultural extension is a communication network linking different stakeholders in agriculture to improve their productivity and Information Communication Technology (ICT) has been utilised as an extension tool for enhancing information flow between agricultural extension services and their clients. The application of ICT in agricultural extension and rural development has significantly increased in several countries where it has provided an adequate access to agricultural information. Efforts are, therefore, needed to scale up investments in physical ICT infrastructure and services across developing country. This could be realised through the implementation of interventions aimed at speeding up assimilation and adoption of improved agricultural technology and management practices of the less productive smallholder farmers. Drawing on relevant published works, this paper argues that agricultural knowledge and information management within an extension system can improve productivity of smallholder farmers. The role of ICTs in agricultural extension is discussed together with its challenges towards the improvement of productivity among smallholder farmers. Smallholder farmers need to develop and utilize ICT based knowledge management techniques to implement strategies and interventions to transform the agricultural sector and improve their productivity. Agricultural extension is the ideal mechanism that can facilitate the introduction and subsequent adoption of ICTs for effective knowledge and information management.

The purpose of this research is the exploration of the opinions and level of self-efficacy in the usage of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) of teachers in Greek pre-schools in the learning process and administration of nurseries. By using the term “usage and utilisation of ICTs in the learning process” we mean the utilisation of the capabilities that new technologies offer in an educationally appropriate way so that the learning process yields positive results. By using the term “self-efficacy” we describe the strength of one’s belief in one’s own ability to use the capabilities he or she possess. In this way, the beliefs of the person in his or her ability to use a personal computer constitute the self-efficacy in computer usage. The research sample consists of 128 pre-school teachers that work in the prefecture of Kavala. Kavala’s prefecture is a representative example of an Education Authority since it consists of urban, suburban, and rural areas. The approach that is deemed to be the most appropriate for the exploration of such research questions is content analysis methodology and correlation analysis. The main findings of the study have shown statistically significant differences regarding the opinions and stances of the pre-school teachers for the introduction of the ICTs in the administration and the usage and utilisation of ICTs in the administration and preparation of teaching. Lastly, there were statistically significant differences between the opinions and stances of the pre-school teachers for the usage and utilisation of ICTs in the learning process. Instead, there were no statistically significant differences regarding the level of self-efficacy of the pre-school teachers in the usage and utilisation of the ICTs in the learning process. The research results could be used in the educational field as well as by Greek Ministry of Education, Research and Religious Affairs in order to take any corrective action, after the effort of Greek Ministry of Education, Research and Religious Affairs, to integrate ICT in the learning process with training courses since 2006.