Informant-based questionnaire for early detection of cognitive disorders in the olders in Kazakhstan

Abstract

Aim: The purpose of this study was to identify cognitive disorders in older people by conducting a survey of their relatives (close people) by the Arizona Questionnaire. Material and methods: The study involved people who had relatives (close ones) aged 60-74 years old. Three hundred and eighty respondents took part in the survey. Results: Summing up all the points obtained during the survey of relatives 4-13 points 78.7% (n=299), which may indicate the presence of moderate cognitive disorders that are better not to be ignored (suggests going to the doctor) and above 13 points 6% (n=23) indicates a fairly high probability of dementia (urgent need to seek medical help). Our study revealed that family status (p<0.001), employment (p=0.014), and recitation of namaz (p=0.009) act as protective factors that promote social participation and build cognitive reserve. Social isolation, on the other hand, can lead to apathy, withdrawal, depression, and a greater likelihood of cognitive impairment. We also found that place of residence (p<0.001) and living conditions (p=0.002), may also influence the early formation of cognitive dysfunctions. Arizona Questionnaire has high sensitivity and specificity in detecting both mild cognitive impairments and Alzheimer's disease and allows clinicians to quickly and accurately assess people with reported cognitive problems. Conclusion: As a result of survey informants, it was revealed that most of the olders, whose relatives have been surveyed, may be at risk of cognitive impairment and further testing is needed.