Abstract
The research deals with the issue of slums, urban sprawl on agriculture land and its impact on the city of Baghdad. This topic needs close attention because it has become a problem facing the city of Baghdad through recruiting agricultural lands and converting them to residential homes in addition to the transgression on the state lands and building abuses. This research deals with the causes of slums, irregular urban sprawl and risks of excesses on land uses of land in Baghdad. In this research, we try to know the extent to which these problems have affected the city of Baghdad. The research methodology based on the descriptive methodology to clarify the factors affecting urban sprawl at the expense of agricultural land, using studies in government and service institutions and images from satellites to clarify the size of urban sprawl over periods after the 2003 war. Finally, a conclusion and future solutions were set to solve these problems.
Highlights
Urban land use Land use plan is the result of the visual processes of urban planning which follow urban planning policies and has written results for these processes
- Must of new houses were built on agriculture land. - More than 70% of houses were built in the year between 2010 and 2020. - The sprawl appeared scattered on the areas near formal residential began expand. - The households have good income and most of them work as government employees. - Urban laws have a major role in reducing excessive agricultural land uses. - The sprawl areas do not have infrastructure, schools, hospitals, police stations and other facilities, that can make them unhealthy and unsecure
The previous urban planning policy curtailed of the area of agricultural land in Baghdad, this article forces on the irregular urban sprawl, which often translates into poor housing conditions, urban violence, lack of infrastructure, and a diversity of environmental hazards, including deforestation, poor sanitation, pollution of rivers and streams, and loss of biodiversity. [15]
Summary
An estimated 1.6 billion people live in inadequate housing globally, of which 1 billion live in slums and informal settlements. That reflected on the creation of serious obstacles to the process of urban development, which has a dangerous impact on the cities in the developing world in ways of economic, society and security. Iraq as other countries where urban development did not take its way in a balanced manner, where has been created many serious difficulties for the process of development and severe damages in the housing environment in general. Informal settlement appeared in this country in various and different stages and forms, which affected the functional structure of cities and morphological in a way that cannot be ignored. Iraq did not testify informal settlement like this before 2003, but with security issues besides the high rising of poor, bush them to settle one undeveloped land, and they built cheap houses without planning
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