Influência dos sintomas de ansiedade e depressão na qualidade de vida em pacientes submetidos à artrodese de coluna lombar

Abstract

ObjectiveComparative analysis of the quality of life and functionality of patients undergoing lumbar spine arthrodesis due to degenerative lumbar spine disease. The authors sought to correlate the influence of anxious and depressive symptoms before and after surgery. MethodsA prospective cohort study was performed, with 32 patients submitted to arthrodesis due to degenerative lumbar spine disease and the visual analogue pain scale (VAS) pain questionnaire, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) questionnaire, the Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form questionnaire ‐ 36 Items (SF‐36), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), applied in the preoperative period and four months after the procedure. ResultsThere was improvement in the mean scores of the VSA scales (p<0.001) and the ODI (p<0.001). In the preoperative period, the variables that presented a difference between patients with and without anxiety symptoms were the SF‐36 domains of general health (p=0.031), social aspects (p=0.008), and mental health (p=0.035). In the postoperative period, patients without anxiety symptoms showed better results in the vitality (p=0.004), social aspects (p=0.001), mental health (p<0.001), and pain (p=0.011) domains. In the preoperative period, the variable that presented a difference between patients with and without depression was the SF‐36 domain of emotional aspects (p=0.022). In the post‐operative period, patients without depression presented better vitality (p<0.001), social aspects (p<0.001), emotional aspects (p=0.004), and mental health results (p=0.001). ConclusionLumbar spine arthrodesis was effective in improving pain, low back pain, functional capacity, limitation due to physical aspects, vitality, and social and emotional aspects. Patients without anxiety and depression symptoms had better results on the scales compared to those with such symptoms.