Influência dos padrões alimentares na síndrome metabólica em adultos

Abstract

Oliveira MSR. Influencia dos padroes alimentares na sindrome metabolica em adultos. / Influence of dietary patterns on metabolic syndrome in adults. [dissertation] Sao Paulo (BR): Faculdade de Saude Publica da Universidade de Sao Paulo; 2013. Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a complex disorder represented by a combination of cardiometabolic risk factors related to central obesity and insulin resistance, which directly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The growth in the prevalence of MetS follows the increase in consumption of foods whose nutrient combinations are potentially adipogenic (diets high in saturated fats and sugar and low in whole grains, fruits and vegetables). This new pattern of food consumption in the world follows the modern western lifestyle that is characterized by excessive consumption of calories and low energy expenditure. Objective: To investigate the association between dietary patterns, MetS and some of its main components in adults of both sexes carriers and non-carriers of the syndrome. Methods: Crosssectional study conducted with 267 adults of both sexes. Were evaluated the following data previously collected: demographic (age and sex), anthropometric and body composition (body mass index and waist circumference), dietary (food patterns detected from analysis of a 24-hour recall), clinical and biochemical (blood pressure measurement, blood sampling after 12h of fasting for evaluation of serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c and fasting glucose). Dietary patterns (DPs) were obtained by principal component analysis and subsequent statistical analyzes of correlation and mean comparison were performed to further investigate the relationship between the dietary patterns identified by this method and the characteristics of the population. Results: Three distinct dietary patterns were identified from the principal component factor analysis, explaining 25.59% of the dietary intake variance: (i) “Traditional Dietary Pattern”, represented by the high intake of rice, beans, fresh spice, vegetables, white meat, juices, coffee & teas and sugar, and low intake of pasta; (ii) “Healthy Dietary Pattern”, characterized by high