Abstract
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles (VRP) containing the gene expressing hemagglutinin (HA) from the human Hong Kong Influenza A isolate (A/HK/156/97) were evaluated as vaccines in chicken embryos and young chicks. Expressed HA was readily detected in bird-tissue staining with anti-H5 HA antibody and in chicken cells infected with the replicon preparations following immunoprecipitation with monoclonal antibody. Birds challenged with a dose of the lethal parent virus were protected to different extents depending on the age of the bird. In ovo and 1-day-old inoculated animals that received no boost with the VRP were partially protected; birds 2 weeks of age were completely protected with a single dose of VRP.
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