Abstract

The Influenza Research Database (IRD) is a U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)-sponsored Bioinformatics Resource Center dedicated to providing bioinformatics support for influenza virus research. IRD facilitates the research and development of vaccines, diagnostics and therapeutics against influenza virus by providing a comprehensive collection of influenza-related data integrated from various sources, a growing suite of analysis and visualization tools for data mining and hypothesis generation, personal workbench spaces for data storage and sharing, and active user community support. Here, we describe the recent improvements in IRD including the use of cloud and high performance computing resources, analysis and visualization of user-provided sequence data with associated metadata, predictions of novel variant proteins, annotations of phenotype-associated sequence markers and their predicted phenotypic effects, hemagglutinin (HA) clade classifications, an automated tool for HA subtype numbering conversion, linkouts to disease event data and the addition of host factor and antiviral drug components. All data and tools are freely available without restriction from the IRD website at https://www.fludb.org.

Highlights

  • Influenza virus is a major global public health threat

  • The objective of the Influenza Research Database (IRD) resource is to provide a one-stop shop for influenza virus data and analysis tools to drive new discoveries about influenza virus transmission, virulence, host range and pathogenesis, and to develop novel strategies for diagnosis, prevention and therapeutic intervention

  • IRD is comprised of three major components: i) a comprehensive collection of influenza virus related data integrated from public archives, data submitters and IRD in-house curation and annotation pipelines, with data types covering sequences and sequence annotations from GenBank and UniProt, immune epitopes from the Immune Epitope Database (IEDB; http://www.iedb.org), 3D protein structures

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Summary

Introduction

Influenza virus is a major global public health threat. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that approximately 5–10% of adults and 20–30% of children are infected by influenza annually (1). One unique capability of IRD is the customized tree viewer, allowing users to color code tree nodes based on sequence-associated metadata, including geographic location, host species, year and season of isolation, HA and NA subtype, H5 clade membership and specific amino acids present at selected protein positions.

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