Abstract
BackgroundInfluenza is a common infection among travelers, and attack rates are well documented in short-term travelers and holiday makers. Little data exists on long-term, non-expatriate travelers.MethodsThis was a prospective mono-centre study of immunocompetent, Dutch travelers aged ≥18 to 64 years. It was conducted at the Public Health Service travel clinic in Amsterdam from December 2008 to September 2011, and included all travelers intending to travel to a tropical or sub-tropical country.ResultsAmong 602 Dutch long-term travelers to tropical regions, 82 % had protective influenza antibody titres pre-travel. The influenza attack rate of serologically confirmed infection during travel was 15 %, and of symptomatic infection was 6.3 % (fever alone) and 2 % (ILI), respectively.ConclusionsThe attack rate in this study is similar to seasonal rates of infection in the general population. Influenza vaccination pre-travel is therefore most important for people at risk of medical complications due to influenza.
Highlights
Influenza is a common infection among travelers, and attack rates are well documented in short-term travelers and holiday makers
Western adults are traveling in unprecedented numbers to emerging economies, for prolonged periods for ‘gap years’, to work, study, and tour
A prospective mono-centre study of immunocompetent, Dutch travelers aged ≥18 to 64 years was conducted at the Public Health Service travel clinic in Amsterdam from December 2008 to September 2011
Summary
Influenza is a common infection among travelers, and attack rates are well documented in short-term travelers and holiday makers. Methods: This was a prospective mono-centre study of immunocompetent, Dutch travelers aged ≥18 to 64 years. It was conducted at the Public Health Service travel clinic in Amsterdam from December 2008 to September 2011, and included all travelers intending to travel to a tropical or sub-tropical country. Results: Among 602 Dutch long-term travelers to tropical regions, 82 % had protective influenza antibody titres pre-travel. In this study of Dutch long-term travelers (3 to 12 months) to (sub) tropical regions, we prospectively document the attack rate (AR) of influenza infection and
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