Abstract
Patterns of virus attachment to the respiratory tract of 4 marine mammal species were determined for avian and human influenza viruses. Attachment of avian influenza A viruses (H4N5) and (H7N7) and human influenza B viruses to trachea and bronchi of harbor seals is consistent with reported influenza outbreaks in this species.
Highlights
Patterns of virus attachment to the respiratory tract of 4 marine mammal species were determined for avian and human influenza viruses
Human influenza viruses prefer sialosaccharides in which sialic acid is linked to galactose by an α-2,3 linkage (SA-α-2,3-Gal), and avian influenza viruses prefer those with an α-2,6 linkage (SAα-2,6-Gal) [10]
Attachment of avian influenza A viruses to the respiratory tract was generally consistent with reports, or lack thereof, of avian influenza in these 4 marine mammal species
Summary
Patterns of virus attachment to the respiratory tract of 4 marine mammal species were determined for avian and human influenza viruses. In other marine mammal species, outbreaks of avian influenza A virus or infection with human influenza B virus have not been reported. To understand differences in these properties between harbor seals and other marine mammals, we determined patterns of attachment for influenza virus strains known to have infected the respiratory tract of harbor seals, gray
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