Influening factors for the temperament characteristics in preschool children

Abstract

Objective To investigate the factors that influence the temperament characteristics in the preschool children. Methods We used the cluster random sampling methods to extract 120 cases in the Zhejiang Shengzhou region from November to December 2013. The Chinese children aged 3-6 temperament questionnaire, Achenbach child behavior questionnaire and preschoolers general questionnaire were utilized to investigate their demographic data, temperament and behavior conditions, and related statistical analysis were given and analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results In 120 cases of preschool children′s temperament type distributions, plain type were 74.2% (89/120), intermediate type 17.5% (21/120), and trouble type 8.3%(10/120). The CBCL questionnaire presented 5 dimensions that activities level was (15.09±2.10) points, rhythmicity (15.78±3.19) points, phobotaxis (14.98±3.00) points, adaptability (13.45±2.78) points, and response intensity (14.00±3.13) points. The withdrawal, somatic complaints, anxiety, depression, social, and thought had statistical significance with different temperament characteristics (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that each temperament characteristics dimensions had positive correlation with back down of behavior, social behavior, anxiety and depressed dimension (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis presented that the maternal education level, family type, age of the mother and child rearing patterns were the main risk factors affected temperament (β=0.549, 0.724, 0.114, 0.009; P<0.05). Conclusions Preschool children′ temperament characteristics plays a important role on child behavior, and its factors are related to many factors as family factors which required active intervention to strengthen families. Key words: Preschool children; Temperament; Influencing factors; Family intervention