Influencing Factors of Diabetes Mellitus on Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Diameter and Biochemical Parameters

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effect of diabetes mellitus and hypoglycemic treatment on the diameter and biochemical parameters of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).Methods A case-control study was conducted to retrospectively analyze the clinical data of AAA patients in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2015 to 2021.The AAA patients were classified into a group with diabetes mellitus (n=53) and a group without diabetes mellitus (n=104),and the biochemical parameters and aneurysm diameter were compared between the two groups.According to the aneurysm diameter,they were further classified into a small and medium abdominal aortic aneurysm group (SMAAA group,n=85) and a large abdominal aortic aneurysm group (LAAA group,n=72),and the biochemical parameters between the two groups were compared.Results Among the 157 cases with AAA,the incidence of hypertension in the group without diabetes mellitus was higher than that in the group with diabetes mellitus (χ2=8.147,P=0.004).The aneurysm diameter,homocysteine,and D-dimer in the group with diabetes mellitus were lower than those in the group without diabetes mellitus (t=-3.148,P=0.002;U=-1.503,P=0.013;U=-3.002,P=0.003).The aneurysm diameter and D-dimer in the SMAAA group were lower than those in the LAAA group (t=-14.406,P<0.001;U=-0.388,P<0.001).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus (OR=0.477,95%CI=0.238-0.955,P=0.037) and hypoglycemic treatment (OR=0.477,95%CI=0.238-0.955,P=0.037) did not increase the risk of AAA enlargement.Conclusion Diabetes mellitus and hypoglycemic therapy may affect the growth rate of AAA by lowering D-dimer and inflammatory indexes.