Abstract
Porous titanium is a new structural and functional material. It is widely used in many fields since it integrates the properties of biomaterials with those of metallic foam. A new technology that combines both the preparation and forming of porous materials has been proposed in this paper. Moreover, a new solder was developed that could be employed in the joining of porous materials. Influencing factors for microstructure and mechanical properties of the parent material and joint interface are identified. Metal injection molding (MIM) technology was used for fabricating porous materials. The feedstock for injection molding of porous titanium powders was prepared from titanium powders and a polymer-based binder system. In addition, the proportion of powder loading and binders was optimized. Through MIM technology, a porous titanium filter cartridge was prepared. For the purpose of investigating the thermal debinding technology of the filter cartridge, effects of the sintering temperature on the porosity, morphology of micropores and mechanical properties were analyzed. It could be found that when the sintering temperature increased, the relative density, bending and compression strength of the components also increased. Moreover, the porosity reached 32.28% when the sintering temperature was 1000 °C. The microstructure morphology indicated that micropores connected with each other. Meanwhile, the strength of the components was relatively high, i.e., the bending and compression strength was 65 and 60 MPa, respectively. By investigating the joining technology of porous filter cartridges, the ideal components of the solder and pressure were determined. Further research revealed that the micropore structure of the joint interface is the same as that of the parent material, and that the bending strength of the joint interface is 40 MPa.
Highlights
Titanium has huge potential in field of biomaterials owing to excellent biocompatibility.Titanium-based porous materials are novel materials used for structural and functional applications [1,2,3,4]
Due to their combination of the excellent properties of titanium alloys and metallic foams, titanium-based porous materials are widely used in many fields [5]
Binders are inevitably applied in the process of Metal injection molding (MIM), which will cause pollution in addition, carbides of small be produced at are the not debinding stage and the titanium samples and affectmolecules propertieswill negatively if they debound completely
Summary
Titanium has huge potential in field of biomaterials owing to excellent biocompatibility. Methods for fabricating porous titanium include applying space holders [6,7,8], but MIM has its unique advantages It is a novel near-net-shape technology, which has the unique advantage of forming components of complex shapes. Metals 2016, 6, 83 components with micropores because of its low production cost, capability of mass production, and applicability for many materials [9] This technique has a lot of features which are different from conventional injection mold molding in many aspects such as the higher injection pressure and speed, the higher mold temperature and the vacuum degree in the mold. One way to solve the problem is to produce metal or ceramic micro-products by powder micro-injection mold molding This technique contains mainly four processing stages, i.e., feedstock preparation, injection mold molding, debinding (followed by pre-sintering) and sintering. The filter cartridge was successfully prepared via MIM and joining technology
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