Influences on the Particle Size Distribution of Diesel Particulate Emissions

Abstract

Particulates give great concern for mankind health. Especially the nano size particles are under discussion. Therefore, the particle size distribution from the combustion chamber to tail pipe emissions are of great interest. With the aim of scanning mobility particle sizer the number weighted particle size distributions were measured in the combustion chamber as well as in the exhaust gas up and downstream of aftertreatment systems. Using the identical particle measurement technique results can be compared without changing the particle size definition. The particles in the cylinder of a modern serious DI diesel engine were sampled with a time resolved fast gas sampling valve. The Soot particles formed in the cylinder during the early combustion phase are oxidized by about 99% in the late combustion/early expansion phase, whereas the soot particle sizes distribution in the cylinder at the end of the expansion phase are equal to that in the tail pipe. DI diesel engines with high pressure injection system emit less numbers of particle with in tendency greater sizes compared to IDI diesel engines. Oxidation catalysts do not influence particle size distribution but particulate traps reduce particle number by up to two orders of magnitude. Detail analysis shows that an increase of nano size particle number downstream of an aftertreatment device results from artifacts.