Abstract
The phenomenon that water in bone has important influences on mechanical properties of cortical bone has been known. However, the detail of the influence mechanism is not clear, especially in the component hierarchy. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the mechanical properties of deproteinization bone and cortical bone with different water content by nanoindentation experiments. The deproteinization bone is cortical bone removed organic component, and demineralization bone is cortical bone removed inorganic component. The experiments results showed that the elastic modulus and hardness all increased with the decreasing of water content in both cortical bone and deproteinization bone. However, variations of deproteinization bone were more significant than the normal one. Without organic component, the shape and size of inorganic component (hydroxyapatite particles) turned to irregular. The plastic energy of both cortical bone and deproteinization bone all decreased with the decreasing of water content and the variations range of deproteinization bone was wider than cortical bone. This research may give some deeply understanding for the studies of influence of water on mechanical properties of cortical bone.
Highlights
Bone is a composition biomaterial, composed by organic component, inorganic component and water.[1]
The mechanical properties of original bone and deproteinization bone with different water content were investigated by nanoindentation experiments
The elastic modulus and hardness of both original bone and deproteinization bone all increased with decreasing of water content
Summary
Bone is a composition biomaterial, composed by organic component (mainly I-type collagen fiber), inorganic component (mainly hydroxyapatite microcrystal) and water.[1] The toughness and the stiffness are provided by the organic component and the inorganic component, respectively. The influence of water loss on strength and toughness of cortical bone was explored by Nyman J S, and it was found that with the loss of the water content, the stiffness increased linearly and the toughness decreased.[1] By experiment, Currey J D found that the viscoelastic of bone was influenced by water content, and the bone with less water content had less anelastic deformation than bone with more water content.[8] With age increasing, Jonsson U found that water content decreased.[9] It could be speculated that variations of mechanical property in different ages might be related to the water content in cortical bone. By replacing the water in fine pore space by other liquid, Bushby
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