Abstract
Macro-mesoporous scaffolds based on wheat gliadin (WG)/mesoporous magnesium calcium silicate (m-MCS) biocomposites (WMC) were developed for bone tissue regeneration. The increasing amount of m-MCS significantly improved the mesoporosity and water absorption of WMC scaffolds while slightly decreased their compressive strength. With the increase of m-MCS content, the degradability of WMC scaffolds was obviously enhanced, and the decrease of pH value could be slow down after soaking in Tris-HCl solution for different time. Moreover, the apatite mineralization ability of the WMC scaffolds in simulated body fluid (SBF) was obviously improved with the increase of m-MCS content, indicating good bioactivity. The macro-mesoporous WMC scaffolds containing m-MCS significantly stimulated attachment, proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, indicating cytocompatibility. The WMC scaffold containing 40 w% m-MCS (WMC40) possessed the highest porosity (including macroporosity and mesoporosity), which loaded the highest amount of curcumin (CU) as well as displayed the slow release of CU. The results suggested that the incorporation of m-MCS into WG produced biocomposite scaffolds with macro-mesoporosity, which significantly improved water absorption, degradability, bioactivity, cells responses and load/sustained release of curcumin.
Highlights
The applications of mesoporous biomaterials for bone tissue regeneration has been drawn more and more attentions over the past decades, such as silicon oxide, calcium silicate, bioglass, etc[1,2]
The peaks at 1080 cm−1 and 500 cm−1 were found in both WMC20 and WMC40, which were attributed to Si-O-Si stretching, indicating the presence of m-MCS18
The wheat gliadin (WG) crosslinking with genipin showed an amorphous structure, and WMC20 and WMC40 with magnesium calcium silicate (m-MCS) showed the amorphous structure
Summary
The applications of mesoporous biomaterials for bone tissue regeneration has been drawn more and more attentions over the past decades, such as silicon oxide, calcium silicate, bioglass, etc[1,2]. These mesoporous biomaterials with large specific surface area and high pore volume have been demonstrated to possess enhanced biological performances (such as bioactivity, degradability, drug load/release, etc.)[2,3]. Like other inorganic scaffolds, m-MCS is very brittle and lacks antibacterial activity This limits its applications in the treatment of bone defects, especially large bone defects complicated by infection. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of m-MCS on porosity, water absorption, apatite mineralization, degradability, cell responses, CU load/release and antibacterial property of macro-mesoporous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering application
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